![\"Giardia](\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/giardia-duodenalis_02-clanokW.jpg\"\/)
\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t\tFoto: Arch\u00edv\/Gabriela \u0160trkolcov\u00e1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\tOt\u00e1zky a odpovede<\/p>\n
Detaily ochorenia op\u00edsala parazitologi\u010dka Gabriela \u0160trkolcov\u00e1 z\u00a0Katedry epizootol\u00f3gie, parazitol\u00f3gie a ochrany spolo\u010dn\u00e9ho zdravia Univerzity veterin\u00e1rskeho lek\u00e1rstva a farm\u00e1cie v\u00a0Ko\u0161iciach, ktor\u00e1 sa odborne venuje giardi\u00f3ze 14\u00a0rokov.<\/p>\n
\t\tKtor\u00e9 psy s\u00fa n\u00e1chylnej\u0161ie?<\/p>\n
Giardia duodenalis patr\u00ed pod\u013ea \u0160trkolcovej medzi \u010drevn\u00e9 parazity, ktor\u00e9 postihuj\u00fa mlad\u0161ie psy, najm\u00e4 do jedn\u00e9ho roka, ale aj star\u0161ie jedince. U\u00a0inak zdrav\u00fdch m\u00f4\u017eu infekciu zisti\u0165 n\u00e1hodne, hoci parazit\u00e1rna z\u00e1\u0165a\u017e m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 vysok\u00e1, no bez v\u00fdrazn\u00fdch klinick\u00fdch pr\u00edznakov.<\/p>\n
\u201eNelie\u010den\u00e9 \u0161teniatko m\u00f4\u017ee pri ak\u00fatnych hna\u010dk\u00e1ch uhyn\u00fa\u0165 v\u00a0d\u00f4sledku dehydrat\u00e1cie u\u017e v\u00a0priebehu nieko\u013ek\u00fdch dn\u00ed a\u017e t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148a, zatia\u013e \u010do u\u00a0imunokompetentn\u00fdch psov m\u00f4\u017ee infekcia perzistova\u0165 mesiace asymptomaticky,\u201c uviedla lek\u00e1rka pre Pravdu. Zvierat\u00e1 s \u201enorm\u00e1lnou\u201c imunitou sa parazita m\u00f4\u017eu zbavi\u0165 v\u00a0priebehu pribli\u017ene dvoch t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov, zatia\u013e \u010do u\u00a0tvorov s\u00a0oslaben\u00fdm syst\u00e9mom sa m\u00f4\u017ee infekcia opakova\u0165.<\/p>\n
\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t\tFoto: Arch\u00edv\/Gabriela \u0160trkolcov\u00e1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n
\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\tGiardia duodenalis \t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tGiardia duodenalis pod mikroskopom. \t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n
\t\tAko sa giardia pren\u00e1\u0161a?<\/p>\n
Prenos je ve\u013emi jednoduch\u00fd, a to fek\u00e1lno-or\u00e1lnou cestou. Zdroj n\u00e1kazy m\u00f4\u017ee pr\u00eds\u0165 z\u00a0viacer\u00fdch smerov. Bu\u010f cez infikovan\u00e9 v\u00fdkaly, kontaminovan\u00fa vodu z\u00a0ml\u00e1k a potokov, alebo olizovan\u00edm zamoren\u00fdch povrchov alebo labiek. Na infikovanie pritom sta\u010d\u00ed u\u017e ve\u013emi mal\u00e9 mno\u017estvo. \u201e\u0160pecifick\u00e9 je najm\u00e4 to, \u017ee ve\u013ek\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 infikovan\u00fdch psov chovan\u00fdch v\u00a0dom\u00e1com prostred\u00ed nem\u00e1 v\u00fdrazn\u00e9 klinick\u00e9 pr\u00edznaky, napriek tomu v\u0161ak cysty parazita vylu\u010duj\u00fa na spolo\u010dn\u00e9 priestranstv\u00e1,\u201c pokra\u010dovala.<\/p>\n
\t\tKde sa v\u00a0tele usad\u00ed?<\/p>\n
Parazit sa s\u00edce us\u00eddli v\u00a0sliznici tenk\u00e9ho \u010dreva zvierat, no neprenik\u00e1 do jeho buniek. Ve\u013emi zjednodu\u0161ene povedan\u00e9, najsk\u00f4r si zabezpe\u010d\u00ed pr\u00edjem \u017eiv\u00edn a rozmno\u017e\u00ed sa, a potom ako cysta \u0161\u00edri do prostredia infekciu. Na svojom povrchu m\u00e1 \u0161pecifick\u00e9 antig\u00e9ny\u00a0\u2013 VSP prote\u00edny, \u010do mu u\u013eah\u010duje vyh\u00fdba\u0165 sa imunitnej odpovedi hostite\u013ea. Ak zviera trp\u00ed chronickou giardi\u00f3zou, pr\u00ed\u010dinou m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pr\u00e1ve ich pr\u00edtomnos\u0165.<\/p>\n
\t\tS\u00fa zdrojom n\u00e1kazy aj bezpr\u00edznakov\u00e9 psy?<\/p>\n
\u0160\u00edri\u0165 giardiu m\u00f4\u017eu aj psy bez pr\u00edznakov. \u201e\u00c1no, asymptomatick\u00e9 psy predstavuj\u00fa v\u00fdznamn\u00fd zdroj n\u00e1kazy. Aj jedince bez hna\u010dky alebo in\u00fdch gastrointestin\u00e1lnych pr\u00edznakov m\u00f4\u017eu vylu\u010dova\u0165 infek\u010dn\u00e9 cysty. Pr\u00e1ve preto sa giardie \u010dasto \u0161\u00edria na spolo\u010dn\u00fdch vych\u00e1dzkov\u00fdch ploch\u00e1ch, v\u00a0\u00fatulkoch \u010di v\u00a0in\u00fdch zariadeniach s\u00a0vy\u0161\u0161ou koncentr\u00e1ciou psov,\u201c vysvetlila.<\/p>\n
\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t![\"Giardia](\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/giardia-duodenalis_01-clanokW.jpg\"\/)
\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t\tFoto: Arch\u00edv\/Gabriela \u0160trkolcov\u00e1 \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n
\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\tGiardia duodenalis \t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tGiardia duodenalis pod mikroskopom. \t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n
\t\tAko vyzer\u00e1 ak\u00fatna a chronick\u00e1 giardi\u00f3za?<\/p>\n
Ak sa u\u00a0zviera\u0165a prejav\u00ed ak\u00fatna giard\u00f3za, medzi sympt\u00f3my patria bolesti brucha, nepr\u00edjemne zap\u00e1chaj\u00faca hna\u010dka, nad\u00favanie, k\u0155\u010de, probl\u00e9m so vstreb\u00e1van\u00edm \u017eiv\u00edn z\u00a0potravy, boles\u0165 v\u00a0prednej \u010dasti tr\u00e1viaceho traktu, chudnutie, ktor\u00e9 sa m\u00f4\u017ee vyvin\u00fa\u0165 \u0161es\u0165 a\u017e 15\u00a0dn\u00ed po infekcii. Z\u00e1va\u017enej\u0161ia infekcia m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 a\u017e k\u00a0poruche vstreb\u00e1vania \u017eiv\u00edn, ako s\u00fa karot\u00e9n, vitam\u00edny B12, lakt\u00f3za \u010di \u017eelezo. V\u00a0chronickej f\u00e1ze hroz\u00ed dokonca aj \u00fabytok hmotnosti.<\/p>\n
\u201eZ\u00e1rove\u0148 plat\u00ed, \u017ee nedostato\u010dn\u00fd pr\u00edjem bielkov\u00edn a energie, ako aj deficit zinku a vitam\u00ednu A, zvy\u0161uj\u00fa n\u00e1chylnos\u0165 jedinca na infekciu giardiou. Na druhej strane samotn\u00e1 infekcia m\u00f4\u017ee negat\u00edvne ovplyvni\u0165 absorpciu zinku, \u010d\u00edm sa vytv\u00e1ra za\u010darovan\u00fd kruh medzi v\u00fd\u017eivov\u00fdm stavom a priebehom ochorenia,\u201c vysvetlila\u00a0\u010falej.<\/p>\n
\u0160t\u00e1tna veterin\u00e1rna a potravinov\u00e1 spr\u00e1va medzi prejavy ochorenia zaradila aj riedku mastn\u00fa stolicu, bolesti brucha a\u017e k\u0155\u010de a nevo\u013enos\u0165.<\/p>\n
\t\tV\u00a0ak\u00fdch teplot\u00e1ch sa giardii dar\u00ed?<\/p>\n
Najsilnej\u0161\u00edmi obdobiami pre giardiu s\u00fa pod\u013ea \u0160trkolcovej jar a jese\u0148. Aktu\u00e1lne po\u010dasie na Slovensku pod\u013ea odborn\u00ed\u010dky cyst\u00e1m giardie praje, optim\u00e1lne podmienky na pre\u017e\u00edvanie maj\u00fa medzi nulou a \u0161tyrmi stup\u0148ami.<\/p>\n
Najlep\u0161ie podmienky na pre\u017eitie m\u00e1 vo vlhkom a mierne chladnom prostred\u00ed, preto b\u00fdva jej v\u00fdskyt \u010dastej\u0161\u00ed na jar a na jese\u0148 alebo po\u010das da\u017ediv\u00fdch obdob\u00ed. Such\u00e9 hor\u00face po\u010dasie a intenz\u00edvne UV \u017eiarenie cysty pod\u013ea odborn\u00ed\u010dky sk\u00f4r ni\u010dia, zatia\u013e \u010do stojat\u00e1 voda alebo vlhk\u00e9 prostredie podporuj\u00fa ich pre\u017e\u00edvanie.<\/p>\n
\u201eCysty s\u00fa schopn\u00e9 pre\u017ei\u0165 vo vonkaj\u0161om prostred\u00ed aj nieko\u013eko t\u00fd\u017ed\u0148ov, napr\u00edklad vo vode aj viac ako 80\u00a0dn\u00ed pri 0\u00a0\u2013 4\u00a0\u00b0C, pri teplote okolo 20\u00a0\u2013 28\u00a0\u00b0C pribli\u017ene 1\u00a0mesiac; v\u00a0morskej vode viac ako 60\u00a0dn\u00ed; v\u00a0p\u00f4de viac ako 50\u00a0dn\u00ed. Odol\u00e1vaj\u00fa zl\u00fdm poveternostn\u00fdm podmienkam, s\u00fa schopn\u00e9 pre\u017ei\u0165 v\u00a0chladn\u00fdch horsk\u00fdch tokoch, dokonca aj v\u00a0odpadovej vode,\u201c pouk\u00e1zala.<\/p>\n
\t\tTreba nav\u0161t\u00edvi\u0165 zverolek\u00e1ra?<\/p>\n
Ak m\u00e1 majite\u013e podozrenie, \u017ee pes m\u00e1 tr\u00e1viace \u0165a\u017ekosti, nemal by \u010daka\u0165 a \u010do najsk\u00f4r kontaktova\u0165 veterin\u00e1ra.<\/p>\n
\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t![\"Rie\u0161enie](\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/pes-vycvik-hra-clanokW.png\"\/)
\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t\tFoto: SHUTTERSTOCK \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n
\t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\tpes, v\u00fdcvik, hra, \t\t\t\t \t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tRie\u0161enie jednoduch\u00e9ho probl\u00e9mu ukazuje, \u017ee psy sa u\u010dia nielen pokusom a omylom, ale aj pozorn\u00fdm pozorovan\u00edm. (Ilustra\u010dn\u00e9 foto) \t\t\t\t\t<\/p>\n
\t\tM\u00f4\u017ee giardia vies\u0165 a\u017e k\u00a0smrti psa?<\/p>\n
\u0160trkolcov\u00e1 vysvetlila, \u017ee medzi faktory spojen\u00e9 s\u00a0n\u00e1stupom ochorenia patria vek a taktie\u017e aj klinick\u00fd, nutri\u010dn\u00fd a imunitn\u00fd stav infikovan\u00e9ho jedinca. \u201eNie je to smrte\u013en\u00e9 ochorenie v\u00a0be\u017enej popul\u00e1cii psov a \u013eud\u00ed. Lie\u010dba giardi\u00f3zy je vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ine pr\u00edpadov \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1, hoci sa v\u00a0praxi m\u00f4\u017eeme stretn\u00fa\u0165 s\u00a0ur\u010dit\u00fdmi probl\u00e9mami s\u00favisiacimi s\u00a0rezistenciou na pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 antibiotik\u00e1. Veterin\u00e1rny lek\u00e1r m\u00e1 v\u0161ak k\u00a0dispoz\u00edcii aj in\u00e9 terapeutick\u00e9 mo\u017enosti z\u00a0in\u00fdch skup\u00edn antiparazit\u00edk,\u201c uviedla\u00a0\u010falej.<\/p>\n
\t\tAko dlho trv\u00e1 lie\u010dba?<\/p>\n
D\u013a\u017eka lie\u010dby sa l\u00ed\u0161i od psa k\u00a0psovi. K\u00fdm niektor\u00ed sa z\u00a0infekcie dostan\u00fa za sedem a\u017e 14\u00a0dn\u00ed, v\u00a0in\u00fdch pr\u00edpadoch m\u00f4\u017ee terapia trva\u0165 aj nieko\u013eko mesiacov. Jedn\u00fdm z\u00a0probl\u00e9mov lie\u010dby toti\u017e b\u00fdva opakovan\u00e1 reinfekcia. \u201eZ\u00e1kladom spr\u00e1vneho postupu je koprologick\u00e9 vy\u0161etrenie trusu vhodnou diagnostickou met\u00f3dou, pri\u010dom lie\u010dba by mala by\u0165 indikovan\u00e1 a\u017e po potvrden\u00ed infekcie. Prevent\u00edvne pod\u00e1vanie antiparazit\u00edk sa nepova\u017euje za spr\u00e1vny odborn\u00fd postup, najm\u00e4 v\u00a0pr\u00edpade giardi\u00f3zy,\u201c pouk\u00e1zala odborn\u00ed\u010dka.<\/p>\n
\t\tM\u00f4\u017ee sa giardi\u00f3zou nakazi\u0165 aj \u010dlovek?<\/p>\n
M\u00f4\u017ee, d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 je preto dodr\u017eiavanie hygienick\u00fdch z\u00e1sad a zaobch\u00e1dzanie so zvieratami. Infikovanie \u010dloveka od psa je v\u0161ak pod\u013ea parazitologi\u010dky m\u00e1lo pravdepodobn\u00e9, no ako podotkla, v\u00a0\u0161t\u00fadi\u00e1ch o\u00a0giardi\u00f3ze potvrdili v\u00a0roku 2015\u00a0v\u00fdskyt psieho genotypu u\u00a0pacientky z\u00a0Ko\u0161\u00edc.<\/p>\n
\u201ePacientka, ktor\u00e1 \u017eila v\u00a0\u0161tandardn\u00fdch hygienick\u00fdch podmienkach v\u00a0rodinnom dome v\u00a0Ko\u0161iciach, trpela gastrointestin\u00e1lnymi probl\u00e9mami vr\u00e1tane hna\u010dky, bolest\u00ed brucha, \u00fabytku hmotnosti a perian\u00e1lneho svrbenia. Koprologick\u00e9 vy\u0161etrenie stolice preuk\u00e1zalo pr\u00edtomnos\u0165 c\u00fdst Giardia duodenalis a n\u00e1sledn\u00e1 molekul\u00e1rna anal\u00fdza potvrdila psiu asembl\u00e1\u017e,\u201c vysvetlila.<\/p>\n
\t\tZab\u00edjaj\u00fa giardiu aj be\u017en\u00e9 \u010disti\u010de?<\/p>\n
Be\u017en\u00e9 \u010distiace prostriedky nemusia by\u0165 pod\u013ea \u0160trkolcovej v\u017edy dostato\u010dne \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9, preto\u017ee cysty giardie s\u00fa pomerne odoln\u00e9. K\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00e9 pod\u013ea nej je kombinova\u0165 mechanick\u00e9 \u010distenie, dezinfekciu a n\u00e1sledn\u00e9 vysu\u0161enie.<\/p>\n
\u201eChl\u00f3rov\u00e9 dezinfek\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00edpravky m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 proti cyst\u00e1m giardi\u00ed, ale iba pri dostato\u010dnej koncentr\u00e1cii a po d\u00f4kladnom mechanickom o\u010disten\u00ed povrchov. Cysty s\u00fa ve\u013emi citliv\u00e9 na vysychanie, odpor\u00fa\u010da sa po o\u010disten\u00ed necha\u0165 koterce pr\u00e1zdne a such\u00e9 po nieko\u013eko dn\u00ed pred ich \u010fal\u0161\u00edm pou\u017eit\u00edm,\u201c spresnila.<\/p>\n
Ve\u013emi d\u00f4le\u017eit\u00e9 je pod\u013ea odborn\u00ed\u010dky aj okam\u017eit\u00e9 odstra\u0148ovanie trusu majite\u013emi psov najm\u00e4 na verejn\u00fdch priestranstv\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n
\t\tPre\u010do sa giardia viac vyskytuje v\u00a0okol\u00ed Bratislavy?<\/p>\n
\u0160trkolcov\u00e1 hovor\u00ed, \u017ee vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdskyt v\u00a0mest\u00e1ch b\u00fdva spojen\u00fd najm\u00e4 s\u00a0vysokou koncentr\u00e1ciou psov na malom priestore, \u010dast\u00fdm vyu\u017e\u00edvan\u00edm spolo\u010dn\u00fdch pl\u00f4ch na prech\u00e1dzky a kontaktom s\u00a0cystami kontaminovan\u00fdm vlhk\u00fdm prostred\u00edm. Netreba zabudn\u00fa\u0165, \u017ee \u00falohu zohr\u00e1vaj\u00fa aj bezpr\u00edznakov\u00ed nosi\u010di a vlhk\u00e9 mestsk\u00e9 prostredie. \u201eVo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch mest\u00e1ch majitelia psov \u010dastej\u0161ie nav\u0161tevuj\u00fa veterin\u00e1rne ambulancie a d\u00e1vaj\u00fa prevent\u00edvne vy\u0161etrova\u0165 trus svojich zvierat, \u010do prirodzene vedie k\u00a0vy\u0161\u0161iemu z\u00e1chytu pr\u00edpadov.<\/p>\n
Napr\u00edklad v\u00a0Ko\u0161iciach u\u017e majitelia be\u017ene prin\u00e1\u0161aj\u00fa na na\u0161u Katedru vzorky trusu na koprologick\u00e9 vy\u0161etrenie nielen pri v\u00fdskyte klinick\u00fdch probl\u00e9mov, ale aj v\u00a0r\u00e1mci prevent\u00edvnej kontroly,\u201c uzavrela.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Ot\u00e1zky a odpovede Detaily ochorenia op\u00edsala parazitologi\u010dka Gabriela \u0160trkolcov\u00e1 z\u00a0Katedry epizootol\u00f3gie, parazitol\u00f3gie a ochrany spolo\u010dn\u00e9ho zdravia Univerzity veterin\u00e1rskeho…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":7290,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[136,4227,4230,4228,43,40,39,42,41,4226,4229,4231],"class_list":{"0":"post-7289","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-bratislava","8":"tag-bratislava","9":"tag-domace-zvierata","10":"tag-mikroskopicky","11":"tag-psov","12":"tag-sk","13":"tag-slovak","14":"tag-slovakia","15":"tag-slovencina","16":"tag-slovensko","17":"tag-statna-veterinarna-a-potravinova-sprava","18":"tag-trapi","19":"tag-votrelec"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7289","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=7289"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/7289\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/7290"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=7289"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=7289"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=7289"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}