{"id":73990,"date":"2026-05-19T11:18:08","date_gmt":"2026-05-19T11:18:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/73990\/"},"modified":"2026-05-19T11:18:08","modified_gmt":"2026-05-19T11:18:08","slug":"goli-otok-chorvatsky-ostrov-kde-tito-lamal-ludske-duse","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/73990\/","title":{"rendered":"Goli otok – chorv\u00e1tsky ostrov, kde Tito l\u00e1mal \u013eudsk\u00e9 du\u0161e"},"content":{"rendered":"

CHORV\u00c1TSKO – Goli otok bol roky pr\u00edsne str\u00e1\u017een\u00fdm tajomstvom juhoslovansk\u00e9ho re\u017eimu, miestom, ktor\u00e9 malo zlomi\u0165 \u013eudsk\u00fa d\u00f4stojnos\u0165. Dnes tento nehostinn\u00fd, vetrom o\u0161\u013eahan\u00fd kus zeme l\u00e1ka turistov, ktor\u00ed namiesto preplnen\u00fdch rezortov h\u013eadaj\u00fa autentick\u00fa hist\u00f3riu a samotu na opusten\u00fdch pl\u00e1\u017each.<\/p>\n

Goli otok le\u017e\u00ed v oblasti Kvarneru v severnom Jadrane a jeho n\u00e1zov sa preklad\u00e1 ako \u201ehol\u00fd ostrov\u201c. To\u00a0presne vystihuje jeho podobu – ostrov s rozlohou pribli\u017ene 4,5 kilometra \u0161tvorcov\u00e9ho m\u00e1 kamenist\u00fd povrch, m\u00e1lo prirodzen\u00e9ho tie\u0148a, duje tam siln\u00fd vietor a n\u00e1jdete na \u0148om len p\u00e1r budov. Pr\u00e1ve tieto vlastnosti z neho v\u00a0minulosti urobili ide\u00e1lne miesto pre v\u00e4zensk\u00fd t\u00e1bor, o ktorom sa dlh\u00e9 roky verejne takmer nehovorilo.<\/p>\n

\t
\n\t\t\"Ostrov,\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\tZobrazi\u0165 gal\u00e9riu (4)\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\t<\/a><\/p>\n

\t\u00a0(Zdroj: Getty Images)<\/p>\n

P\u00f4vodne bol Goli otok neob\u00fdvan\u00fd a sl\u00fa\u017eil len ako miesto, kam miestni priv\u00e1dzali zvierat\u00e1 na sez\u00f3nnu pastvu. Jeho od\u013eahlos\u0165 sa v\u0161ak uk\u00e1zala ako v\u00fdhodn\u00e1 u\u017e po\u010das 1. svetovej vojny, ke\u010f tam Rak\u00fasko-Uhorsko dr\u017ealo rusk\u00fdch vojnov\u00fdch zajatcov. Po skon\u010den\u00ed konfliktu sa v\u0161ak v\u0161etko vr\u00e1tilo do star\u00fdch ko\u013eaj\u00ed a\u00a0na ostrove pribudlo len p\u00e1r jednoduch\u00fdch \u00fatuln\u00ed pre pastierov, ktor\u00ed sa tam ukr\u00fdvali pred da\u017e\u010fom.<\/p>\n

Zlom nastal v roku 1948 po roztr\u017eke medzi Titom a Stalinom. Juhosl\u00e1via sa ocitla v izol\u00e1cii a re\u017eim v obave pred sovietskou inv\u00e1ziou spustil mas\u00edvne \u010distky vo vlastn\u00fdch radoch. V krajine za\u010dali prenasledova\u0165 skuto\u010dn\u00fdch aj \u00fadajn\u00fdch Stalinov\u00fdch st\u00fapencov a Goli otok sa zmenil na pr\u00edsne str\u00e1\u017een\u00fd tajn\u00fd v\u00e4zensk\u00fd a pracovn\u00fd t\u00e1bor. Medzi v\u00e4z\u0148ami boli niektor\u00ed ods\u00faden\u00ed po procesoch, mnoh\u00ed v\u0161ak pre\u0161li administrat\u00edvnym rozhodnut\u00edm bez riadneho s\u00fadneho konania.<\/p>\n

\t
\n\t\t\"Ostrov,\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\tZobrazi\u0165 gal\u00e9riu (4)\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\t<\/a><\/p>\n

\t\u00a0(Zdroj: Getty Images)<\/p>\n

Goli otok pritom nebol be\u017enou v\u00e4znicou. Fungoval ako n\u00e1stroj politickej prev\u00fdchovy a\u00a0za t\u00fdmto \u00fa\u010delom sa tu pou\u017e\u00edval syst\u00e9m fyzick\u00e9ho vy\u010derpania, poni\u017eovania, n\u00e1silia a psychick\u00e9ho tlaku.\u00a0Ke\u010f pri\u0161li na ostrov prv\u00ed trestanci, st\u00e1li tam len z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 budovy a sami museli stava\u0165 cesty, dielne, ubytovacie priestory, administrat\u00edvne objekty aj pracovisk\u00e1. Nesk\u00f4r pracovali v kame\u0148olome, pri spracovan\u00ed kame\u0148a, v\u00a0diel\u0148ach a pri v\u00fdrobe keramiky, n\u00e1bytku \u010di in\u00fdch produktov.<\/p>\n

Podmienky boli stra\u0161n\u00e9 – v\u00a0lete internovan\u00ed dreli na rozp\u00e1lenom kameni, v zime vo vetre a chlade. Cie\u013eom nebolo potresta\u0165 iba telo, ale naru\u0161i\u0165 ich v\u00f4\u013eu a osobn\u00fa d\u00f4stojnos\u0165. Ods\u00fadenci tie\u017e boli n\u00faten\u00ed podie\u013ea\u0165 sa na poni\u017eovan\u00ed a trestan\u00ed in\u00fdch spoluv\u00e4z\u0148ov. Po ich pr\u00edchode na ostrov napr\u00edklad vytvorili tzv. \u0161palier, v\u00a0ktorom ich bili a ur\u00e1\u017eali. Odmietnu\u0165 \u00fa\u010das\u0165 na t\u00fdran\u00ed mohlo znamena\u0165, \u017ee sa \u010dlovek s\u00e1m stane ter\u010dom, a tento mechanizmus ni\u010dil solidaritu a d\u00f4veru medzi v\u00e4z\u0148ami.<\/p>\n

V r\u00e1mci ostrova existovali aj miesta s mimoriadne tvrd\u00fdm re\u017eimom. Najzn\u00e1mej\u0161\u00edm bola Petrova Rupa, naz\u00fdvan\u00e1 aj Petarova jama, teda oddelen\u00fd priestor v b\u00fdvalej banskej jame, kam posielali v\u00e4z\u0148ov pova\u017eovan\u00fdch za obzvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 nebezpe\u010dn\u00fdch alebo nepoddajn\u00fdch. Pr\u00e1ca tam \u010dasto nemala praktick\u00fd v\u00fdznam. V\u00e4zni pren\u00e1\u0161ali kamene, rozb\u00edjali ich a vykon\u00e1vali opakuj\u00face sa \u00fakony, ktor\u00fdch zmyslom nebola v\u00fdroba, ale zlomenie ich odporu.<\/p>\n

\t
\n\t\t\"Ostrov,\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\tZobrazi\u0165 gal\u00e9riu (4)\t\t\t<\/p>\n

\t<\/a><\/p>\n

\t\u00a0(Zdroj: Getty Images)<\/p>\n

Mnoh\u00ed b\u00fdval\u00ed trestanci sa vracali do \u017eivota s podlomen\u00fdm zdrav\u00edm, naru\u0161en\u00fdmi rodinn\u00fdmi vz\u0165ahmi a poves\u0165ou politicky nespo\u013eahliv\u00e9ho \u010dloveka. \u010casto boli sledovan\u00ed, \u0165a\u017eko si h\u013eadali pr\u00e1cu a o tom, \u010do za\u017eili, nesmeli hovori\u0165, preto\u017ee ml\u010danie bolo s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n

Dnes je Goli otok neob\u00fdvan\u00fd a jeho b\u00fdval\u00e9 v\u00e4zensk\u00e9 objekty s\u00fa vo ve\u013ekej miere zni\u010den\u00e9. Nen\u00e1jdete tam klasick\u00e9 m\u00fazeum s expoz\u00edciou, ale m\u00f4\u017eete si tieto priestory pozrie\u0165 na vlastn\u00fa p\u00e4s\u0165. Na ostrov sa po\u010das sez\u00f3ny d\u00e1 dosta\u0165 lo\u010fou z okolit\u00fdch miest a ostrovov, napr\u00edklad z Rabu alebo Krku. Niektor\u00e9 v\u00fdlety pon\u00fakaj\u00fa sprievodcovsk\u00fd v\u00fdklad, in\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa n\u00e1v\u0161tevn\u00edkom prejs\u0165 \u010das\u0165 are\u00e1lu samostatne. Zaru\u010dene sa v\u00e1m tam bud\u00fa p\u00e1\u010di\u0165 pl\u00e1\u017ee, ktor\u00e9 nie s\u00fa preplnen\u00e9 a dobre si na nich odd\u00fdchnete. Povrch ostrova je kamenist\u00fd, preto nezab\u00fadajte na dobr\u00fa obuv.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"CHORV\u00c1TSKO – Goli otok bol roky pr\u00edsne str\u00e1\u017een\u00fdm tajomstvom juhoslovansk\u00e9ho re\u017eimu, miestom, ktor\u00e9 malo zlomi\u0165 \u013eudsk\u00fa d\u00f4stojnos\u0165. Dnes…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":73991,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[32],"tags":[482,6739,27858,34,37,15893,27857,27859,27854,27853,27856,33,27861,27860,27852,20878,43,40,39,42,41,36,38,35,3732,27855],"class_list":["post-73990","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-spravy","tag-chorvatsko","tag-druha-svetova-vojna","tag-goli-otok","tag-headlines","tag-hlavne-spravy","tag-jadran","tag-josip-broz-tito","tag-jozef-stalin","tag-juhoslavia","tag-krk","tag-kvarner","tag-news","tag-petrova-rupa","tag-politicke-prenasledovanie","tag-rab","tag-rakusko-uhorsko","tag-sk","tag-slovak","tag-slovakia","tag-slovencina","tag-slovensko","tag-spravy","tag-titulky","tag-top-stories","tag-turizmus","tag-vazensky-tabor"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@sk\/116600969975789658","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73990","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=73990"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/73990\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/73991"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=73990"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=73990"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=73990"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}