{"id":84150,"date":"2026-05-30T12:10:10","date_gmt":"2026-05-30T12:10:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/84150\/"},"modified":"2026-05-30T12:10:10","modified_gmt":"2026-05-30T12:10:10","slug":"cina-hlasi-prelomovu-bateriu-pre-elektromobily-dojazd-ma-posunut-za-hranicu-1-000-kilometrov-vosveteit-sk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/84150\/","title":{"rendered":"\u010c\u00edna hl\u00e1si prelomov\u00fa bat\u00e9riu pre elektromobily. Dojazd m\u00e1 posun\u00fa\u0165 za hranicu 1 000 kilometrov | Vosveteit.sk"},"content":{"rendered":"

Elektromobily u\u017e d\u00e1vno nenar\u00e1\u017eaj\u00fa len na cenu alebo nab\u00edja\u010dky, najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m st\u00e1le predstavuj\u00fa samotn\u00e9 bat\u00e9rie. V\u00fdrobcovia roky z\u00e1pasia hlavne s dvoma vecami, dojazdom a spr\u00e1van\u00edm v zime. Pr\u00e1ve tu teraz pri\u0161li \u010d\u00ednski vedci s v\u00fdsledkom, ktor\u00fd m\u00f4\u017ee poriadne zamie\u0161a\u0165 kartami.<\/p>\n

T\u00edm vedcov z univerzity Nankai v \u010d\u00ednskom meste Tchien-\u0165in predstavil nov\u00fa l\u00edtiovo-kovov\u00fa bat\u00e9riu s energetickou hustotou viac ako 700 Wh\/kg, informuje China Daily.<\/a> Vy\u0161\u0161ia energetick\u00e1 hustota zjednodu\u0161ene znamen\u00e1 v\u00fdrazne viac energie pri rovnakej hmotnosti bat\u00e9rie.<\/p>\n

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Pre porovnanie, dne\u0161n\u00e9 be\u017en\u00e9 l\u00edtium-i\u00f3nov\u00e9 bat\u00e9rie v elektromobiloch dosahuj\u00fa pribli\u017ene 160 a\u017e 300 Wh\/kg. Aj tie najmodernej\u0161ie modely sa v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou pohybuj\u00fa v\u00fdrazne pod hranicou 400 Wh\/kg. Nov\u00fd prototyp sa v\u0161ak nedostal do centra pozornosti len kv\u00f4li vysok\u00e9mu v\u00fdkonu. Vedci tvrdia, \u017ee bat\u00e9ria zvl\u00e1dla stabiln\u00fa prev\u00e1dzku aj pri teplote m\u00ednus 50 stup\u0148ov Celzia. A pr\u00e1ve chlad predstavuje pre elektromobily jeden z najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch probl\u00e9mov.<\/p>\n

Elektromobily \u010delia probl\u00e9mom hlavne po\u010das zimy<\/p>\n

Majitelia elektromobilov to poznaj\u00fa hlavne v zime. Auto zrazu strat\u00ed \u010das\u0165 dojazdu, nab\u00edjanie sa spomal\u00ed a bat\u00e9ria reaguje menej efekt\u00edvne. Chemick\u00e9 procesy vo vn\u00fatri \u010dl\u00e1nkov toti\u017e pri n\u00edzkych teplot\u00e1ch v\u00fdrazne trpia. \u010c\u00ednsky t\u00edm sa preto nezameral len na samotn\u00e9 elektr\u00f3dy, ale kompletne prerobil elektrolyt, teda kvapalinu, cez ktor\u00fa sa vo vn\u00fatri bat\u00e9rie pohybuj\u00fa i\u00f3ny l\u00edtia.<\/p>\n

\"elektromobil-nabijanie-auta\"\"elektromobil-nabijanie-auta\"Zdroj: unsplash.com (Andrew Roberts)<\/p>\n

Vedci pri\u0161li s pomerne nezvy\u010dajn\u00fdm rie\u0161en\u00edm. V molekul\u00e1ch rozp\u00fa\u0161\u0165adla nahradili \u010das\u0165 at\u00f3mov kysl\u00edka flu\u00f3rom a vytvorili nov\u00fd syst\u00e9m zalo\u017een\u00fd na v\u00e4zb\u00e1ch medzi l\u00edtiom a flu\u00f3rom.<\/p>\n

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Flu\u00f3r toti\u017e patr\u00ed medzi chemicky najagres\u00edvnej\u0161ie prvky v\u00f4bec a extr\u00e9mne silno pri\u0165ahuje elektr\u00f3ny. Vedci tak vytvorili prostredie, v ktorom sa i\u00f3ny l\u00edtia pohybuj\u00fa efekt\u00edvnej\u0161ie aj pri ve\u013emi n\u00edzkych teplot\u00e1ch. Flu\u00f3rovan\u00fd elektrolyt z\u00e1rove\u0148 lep\u0161ie odol\u00e1va hustnutiu a chemick\u00fdm zmen\u00e1m v chlade, kde klasick\u00e9 elektrolyty v\u00fdrazne str\u00e1caj\u00fa v\u00fdkon.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledkom sa stal efekt\u00edvnej\u0161\u00ed pohyb i\u00f3nov aj pri extr\u00e9mnych podmienkach.<\/p>\n

\u201eEnergetick\u00e1 hustota a v\u00fdkon pri n\u00edzkych teplot\u00e1ch predstavuj\u00fa najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ie prek\u00e1\u017eky roz\u0161\u00edrenia elektromobilov,\u201c vysvetlil vedec Chen Jun z \u010c\u00ednskej akad\u00e9mie vied.<\/p>\n

Cel\u00fd projekt navy\u0161e nezostal len na \u00farovni laborat\u00f3ria. T\u00edm u\u017e za\u010dal spolupr\u00e1cu s \u010d\u00ednskou automobilkou Hongqi a predstavil bat\u00e9riov\u00fd syst\u00e9m, ktor\u00fd pod\u013ea vedcov zvl\u00e1dne s\u00e9riov\u00fa v\u00fdrobu.<\/p>\n

Hongqi je pritom najstar\u0161ia a z\u00e1rove\u0148 jedna z najluxusnej\u0161\u00edch \u010d\u00ednskych automobiliek patriaca pod gigantick\u00fd koncern FAW. Zna\u010dka dlh\u00e9 roky vyr\u00e1bala limuz\u00edny pre najvy\u0161\u0161\u00edch \u010d\u00ednskych predstavite\u013eov a dnes predstavuje technologick\u00fa v\u00fdkladn\u00fa skri\u0148u \u010d\u00ednskeho automobilov\u00e9ho priemyslu.<\/p>\n

Aj to nazna\u010duje, \u017ee \u010c\u00edna neberie nov\u00fd projekt ako experiment pre mal\u00fd startup, ale ako technol\u00f3giu ur\u010den\u00fa pre svoje najprest\u00ed\u017enej\u0161ie vozidl\u00e1.<\/p>\n

Skuto\u010dn\u00fd bat\u00e9riov\u00fd syst\u00e9m s\u00edce za experiment\u00e1lnym zaost\u00e1val, no aj tak pon\u00fakol slu\u0161n\u00fd v\u00fdkon<\/p>\n

Komer\u010dn\u00e1 verzia bat\u00e9rie s\u00edce nedosiahla laborat\u00f3rnych 700 Wh\/kg, no st\u00e1le pon\u00fakla viac ako 500 Wh\/kg. To u\u017e predstavuje hodnotu, ktor\u00e1 by v elektromobile<\/a> mohla zabezpe\u010di\u0165 dojazd presahuj\u00faci 1 000 kilometrov na jedno nabitie.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1ve psychologick\u00e1 hranica tis\u00edc kilometrov patr\u00ed medzi hlavn\u00e9 ciele v\u00fdrobcov elektromobilov. Ve\u013ea vodi\u010dov toti\u017e st\u00e1le vn\u00edma elektromobily ako aut\u00e1 vhodn\u00e9 hlavne do mesta alebo na krat\u0161ie trasy. Dlh\u0161\u00ed dojazd by t\u00fato bari\u00e9ru v\u00fdrazne oslabil.<\/p>\n

Zauj\u00edmav\u00e9 v\u0161ak je, \u017ee vedci nezd\u00f4raznili len v\u00fdkon. L\u00edtiovo-kovov\u00e9 bat\u00e9rie toti\u017e dlhodobo stra\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m bezpe\u010dnosti a \u017eivotnosti.<\/p>\n

Klasick\u00e9 l\u00edtium-i\u00f3nov\u00e9 bat\u00e9rie pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa grafitov\u00e9 an\u00f3dy, zatia\u013e \u010do l\u00edtiovo-kovov\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie pracuj\u00fa s \u010dist\u00fdm kovov\u00fdm l\u00edtiom. To s\u00edce dramaticky zv\u00fd\u0161i energetick\u00fa hustotu, no z\u00e1rove\u0148 zv\u00fd\u0161i riziko vzniku takzvan\u00fdch dendritov, drobn\u00fdch kovov\u00fdch \u00fatvarov pripom\u00ednaj\u00facich ihly.<\/p>\n

Ak dendrity prerazia vn\u00fatorn\u00e9 vrstvy \u010dl\u00e1nku, m\u00f4\u017eu sp\u00f4sobi\u0165 skrat alebo prehrievanie bat\u00e9rie. Pr\u00e1ve preto ve\u013ek\u00e1 \u010das\u0165 podobn\u00fdch technol\u00f3gi\u00ed doteraz skon\u010dila len v laborat\u00f3ri\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n

\"Lep\u0161ie\"Lep\u0161ieZdroj: Vosveteit.sk, AI<\/p>\n

Vedci v\u0161ak dok\u00e1zali tento probl\u00e9m vyrie\u0161i\u0165. Bat\u00e9ria pre Hongqi toti\u017e nepou\u017e\u00edva \u00faplne klasick\u00fd tekut\u00fd elektrolyt, ale takzvan\u00fd semi-solid syst\u00e9m, teda polopevn\u00fa alebo sol\u00eddno-tekut\u00fa kon\u0161trukciu.<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1ve o solid-state bat\u00e9ri\u00e1ch<\/a> dnes rozpr\u00e1va prakticky cel\u00fd automobilov\u00fd priemysel. Ide o technol\u00f3giu s \u00faplne pevn\u00fdm elektrolytom, ktor\u00e1 by mala prinies\u0165 vy\u0161\u0161iu bezpe\u010dnos\u0165, vy\u0161\u0161iu hustotu energie aj dlh\u0161iu \u017eivotnos\u0165. Probl\u00e9m spo\u010d\u00edva v tom, \u017ee masov\u00e1 v\u00fdroba sa st\u00e1le odklad\u00e1 a ve\u013ea projektov zost\u00e1va len vo f\u00e1ze prototypov.<\/p>\n

\u010c\u00ednsky medzikrok prin\u00e1\u0161a to najlep\u0161ie z oboch svetov<\/p>\n

\u010c\u00ednsky t\u00edm preto zvolil medzikrok. Semi-solid elektrolyt kombinuje \u010das\u0165 v\u00fdhod pevn\u00fdch bat\u00e9ri\u00ed s dobrou vodivos\u0165ou klasick\u00fdch kvapaln\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov. Tak\u00e9to rie\u0161enie lep\u0161ie odol\u00e1va tvorbe dendritov a z\u00e1rove\u0148 umo\u017en\u00ed jednoduch\u0161iu v\u00fdrobu ne\u017e plnohodnotn\u00e9 solid-state \u010dl\u00e1nky. Pr\u00e1ve preto vedci hovoria o s\u00e9riovej produkcii u\u017e na konci tohto roka.<\/p>\n

\u201eBat\u00e9ria nedosiahla len skok v energetickej hustote, ale vyrie\u0161ila aj vysok\u00e9 n\u00e1klady a bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e9 rizik\u00e1 l\u00edtiovo-kovov\u00fdch bat\u00e9ri\u00ed,\u201c povedal profesor Yan Zhenhua z univerzity Nankai.<\/p>\n

To e\u0161te automaticky neznamen\u00e1 revol\u00faciu na cest\u00e1ch. Laborat\u00f3rne \u00faspechy toti\u017e \u010dasto narazia na realitu s\u00e9riovej v\u00fdroby. Probl\u00e9my sa zvykn\u00fa objavi\u0165 pri \u017eivotnosti \u010dl\u00e1nkov, r\u00fdchlosti v\u00fdroby, cene materi\u00e1lov alebo pri dlhodobom pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00ed v re\u00e1lnych podmienkach.<\/p>\n

Napriek tomu cel\u00fd projekt nep\u00f4sob\u00ed ako vzdialen\u00e1 vedeck\u00e1 fant\u00e1zia. Do v\u00fdvoja sa u\u017e zapojila automobilka aj \u0161t\u00e1tna bat\u00e9riov\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165 China Automotive New Energy Battery Technology. Ak sa technol\u00f3gia naozaj dostane do s\u00e9riovej v\u00fdroby, zmena nezasiahne len osobn\u00e9 aut\u00e1. Vedci hovoria aj o vyu\u017eit\u00ed v humanoidn\u00fdch robotoch,<\/a> letectve, kozmonautike alebo v technol\u00f3gi\u00e1ch ur\u010den\u00fdch do pol\u00e1rnych oblast\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"ladova\"ladovaZdroj: Vosveteit.sk, AI<\/p>\n

Pr\u00e1ve tam d\u00e1va odolnos\u0165 vo\u010di extr\u00e9mnemu chladu najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed zmysel. V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina dne\u0161n\u00fdch bat\u00e9ri\u00ed toti\u017e pri ve\u013emi n\u00edzkych teplot\u00e1ch dramaticky str\u00e1ca v\u00fdkon.<\/p>\n

\u201eNem\u00f4\u017eeme zosta\u0165 zatvoren\u00ed v akademick\u00fdch vzdu\u0161n\u00fdch z\u00e1mkoch. Na\u0161\u00edm cie\u013eom je vyrie\u0161i\u0165 re\u00e1lne priemyseln\u00e9 probl\u00e9my,\u201c povedal Chen Jun.<\/p>\n

To, \u010di sa nov\u00e1 technol\u00f3gia naozaj dostane do mili\u00f3nov \u00e1ut, zatia\u013e nikto nevie. Posledn\u00e9 roky v\u0161ak uk\u00e1zali, \u017ee pr\u00e1ve bat\u00e9rie rozhodn\u00fa o tom, ako r\u00fdchlo sa elektromobily posun\u00fa \u010falej.<\/p>\n


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<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Elektromobily u\u017e d\u00e1vno nenar\u00e1\u017eaj\u00fa len na cenu alebo nab\u00edja\u010dky, najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m st\u00e1le predstavuj\u00fa samotn\u00e9 bat\u00e9rie. V\u00fdrobcovia roky z\u00e1pasia…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":84151,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":"","_share_on_mastodon":"0"},"categories":[11],"tags":[16190,64,16070,65,66,30598,2573,22938,30599,30600,43,40,39,42,41,13243,903,528,30601,10403],"class_list":["post-84150","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-ekonomika","tag-bateria","tag-business","tag-dojazd","tag-economic","tag-ekonomika","tag-elektrolyt","tag-elektromobily","tag-hongqi","tag-liquid-state","tag-semi-solid","tag-sk","tag-slovak","tag-slovakia","tag-slovencina","tag-slovensko","tag-solid-state","tag-technologie","tag-vodici","tag-vydrz","tag-vyrobcovia"],"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@sk\/116663459788191098","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/84150","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=84150"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/84150\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/84151"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=84150"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=84150"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=84150"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}