{"id":9728,"date":"2026-03-04T09:15:31","date_gmt":"2026-03-04T09:15:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/9728\/"},"modified":"2026-03-04T09:15:31","modified_gmt":"2026-03-04T09:15:31","slug":"vedci-zaznamenali-mimoriadne-silny-kozmicky-laser-ktory-ku-nam-prisiel-z-druhej-polovice-vesmiru-vosveteit-sk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/9728\/","title":{"rendered":"Vedci zaznamenali mimoriadne siln\u00fd „kozmick\u00fd laser“, ktor\u00fd ku n\u00e1m pri\u0161iel z druhej polovice vesm\u00edru | Vosveteit.sk"},"content":{"rendered":"

Vesm\u00edr op\u00e4\u0165 uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee fyzika dok\u00e1\u017ee vytvori\u0165 javy, ktor\u00e9 znej\u00fa ako sci-fi. T\u00edm z University of Pretoria<\/a> zachytil rekordne vzdialen\u00fd \u201ekozmick\u00fd laser\u201c, takzvan\u00fd hydroxylov\u00fd megamaser, zo vzdialenosti viac ne\u017e 8 mili\u00e1rd sveteln\u00fdch rokov. Sign\u00e1l k n\u00e1m dorazil z \u010dias, ke\u010f vesm\u00edr nedosiahol ani polovicu dne\u0161n\u00e9ho veku.<\/p>\n

Za objavom stoj\u00ed r\u00e1dioteleskop MeerKAT, ktor\u00fd pracuje s centimetrov\u00fdmi vlnami a dok\u00e1\u017ee rozl\u00ed\u0161i\u0165 mimoriadne slab\u00e9 zdroje \u017eiarenia. V tomto pr\u00edpade v\u0161ak pomohla aj kozmick\u00e1 n\u00e1hoda.<\/p>\n

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Odoberaj Vosveteit.sk cez Telegram a prihl\u00e1s sa k odberu spr\u00e1v
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\u010co znamen\u00e1 \u201ekozmick\u00fd laser\u201c<\/p>\n

Hydroxylov\u00fd megamaser vznikne v momente, ke\u010f sa dve galaxie <\/a>dostan\u00fa do n\u00e1silnej zr\u00e1\u017eky. Obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00e1 plynu sa stla\u010dia, molekuly hydroxylu (OH) sa dostan\u00fa do excitovan\u00e9ho stavu a zosilnia r\u00e1diov\u00e9 \u017eiarenie na presnej frekvencii okolo 18 centimetrov.<\/p>\n

Mechanizmus sa podob\u00e1 klasick\u00e9mu laseru, len namiesto vidite\u013en\u00e9ho svetla pracuje s r\u00e1diov\u00fdmi vlnami. Ke\u010f jas dosiahne extr\u00e9mnu hodnotu, astron\u00f3movia hovoria o megamaseri. Nov\u00fd zdroj HATLAS J142935.3\u2013002836 v\u0161ak presiahol aj t\u00fato kateg\u00f3riu. Jas dosiahol tak\u00fa \u00farove\u0148, \u017ee t\u00edm pou\u017eil ozna\u010denie \u201egigamaser\u201c.<\/p>\n

\"laser\"laserZdroj: dunhel \/ depositphotos.com<\/a><\/p>\n

\u201eVid\u00edme r\u00e1diov\u00fd ekvivalent laseru z polovice vesm\u00edru,\u201c vysvetlil ved\u00faci autor \u0161t\u00fadie, Thato Manamela.<\/p>\n

Molekula hydroxylu pozost\u00e1va z jedn\u00e9ho at\u00f3mu kysl\u00edka a jedn\u00e9ho at\u00f3mu vod\u00edka. Pre astron\u00f3mov funguje ako spo\u013eahliv\u00fd indik\u00e1tor podmienok v galaxii. Tam, kde sa objav\u00ed siln\u00fd OH megamaser, nach\u00e1dza sa hust\u00fd a relat\u00edvne chladn\u00fd plyn,\u00a0presne ten materi\u00e1l, z ktor\u00e9ho vznikaj\u00fa nov\u00e9 hviezdy.<\/p>\n

Neprehliadni
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\"Tvoje\"Tvoje <\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\t\tPopul\u00e1rna spravodajsk\u00e1 aplik\u00e1cia pre iOS a Android dostala ve\u013ek\u00fa aktualiz\u00e1ciu. Pribudlo mno\u017estvo nov\u00fdch funkci\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 mus\u00ed\u0161 vysk\u00fa\u0161a\u0165 <\/p>\n

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Tak\u00fdto sign\u00e1l teda nepredstavuje len kuriozitu. Oznamuje, \u017ee v danej galaxii prebieha extr\u00e9mne intenz\u00edvna tvorba hviezd. Znamen\u00e1 to teda, \u017ee pred 8 miliardami rokov tam vznikali cel\u00e9 gener\u00e1cie s\u013ank.<\/p>\n

Hydroxyl tak pln\u00ed \u00falohu ak\u00e9hosi \u201evesm\u00edrneho vlhkomera\u201c. Bez hust\u00e9ho plynu by tak\u00fdto efekt nevznikol.<\/p>\n

Gravita\u010dn\u00e1 \u0161o\u0161ovka ako zosil\u0148ova\u010d<\/p>\n

Sign\u00e1l by v\u0161ak v takej sile nedorazil bez pomoci gravita\u010dnej \u0161o\u0161ovky<\/a>. Po\u010das svojej cesty pre\u0161iel okolo inej galaxie, ktor\u00e1 sa n\u00e1hodne zarovnala medzi zdrojom a Zemou. Jej hmotnos\u0165 zakrivila \u010dasopriestor, \u010do je jav, ktor\u00fd predpovedal Albert Einstein a zosilnila \u017eiarenie podobne ako lupa.<\/p>\n

\u201eR\u00e1diov\u00fd laser pre\u0161iel cez kozmick\u00fd \u010falekoh\u013ead e\u0161te predt\u00fdm, ne\u017e ho zachytil MeerKAT,\u201c hovor\u00ed Manamela.<\/p>\n

V\u00fdsledok predstavoval kombin\u00e1ciu pr\u00edrodn\u00e9ho zosilnenia a technickej prec\u00edznosti.<\/p>\n

\u010casov\u00fd posun a rozp\u00ednanie vesm\u00edru<\/p>\n

Ke\u010f vedci hovoria, \u017ee vidia galaxiu z \u010dias, ke\u010f vesm\u00edr nedosiahol polovicu dne\u0161n\u00e9ho veku, nejde o metaforu. Svetlo, v tomto pr\u00edpade r\u00e1diov\u00e9 vlny, k n\u00e1m putovali viac ne\u017e 8 mili\u00e1rd rokov.<\/p>\n

Po\u010das tejto cesty sa vesm\u00edr rozp\u00ednal. R\u00e1diov\u00e9 vlny sa \u201enatiahli\u201c a ich frekvencia sa posunula k ni\u017e\u0161\u00edm hodnot\u00e1m. Tento jav nesie n\u00e1zov kozmologick\u00fd \u010derven\u00fd posun.<\/p>\n

Astron\u00f3movia presne poznaj\u00fa p\u00f4vodn\u00fa frekvenciu, na ktorej hydroxyl vysiela. Porovnan\u00edm s nameranou hodnotou dok\u00e1\u017eu vypo\u010d\u00edta\u0165, ako r\u00fdchlo sa vesm\u00edr v tom obdob\u00ed rozp\u00ednal. Ka\u017ed\u00fd tak\u00fdto zdroj tak funguje ako \u010dasov\u00e1 zna\u010dka v kozmickej hist\u00f3rii.<\/p>\n

V tomto dramatickom deji maj\u00fa \u00falohu aj \u010dierne diery<\/p>\n

Zr\u00e1\u017eka galaxi\u00ed nevyvol\u00e1 len tvorbu hviezd. Obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estvo plynu sa gravita\u010dne vrhne do centra syst\u00e9mu, kde sa nach\u00e1dza supermas\u00edvna \u010dierna diera. T\u00e1 za\u010dne intenz\u00edvne akumulova\u0165 materi\u00e1l.<\/p>\n

\"Vzdialen\u00e9\"Vzdialen\u00e9Zdroj: Wikimedia<\/p>\n

\u201eTento v\u00fdsledok uk\u00e1zal, \u010do dok\u00e1\u017ee MeerKAT v spojen\u00ed s pokro\u010dilou v\u00fdpo\u010dtovou infra\u0161trukt\u00farou,\u201c hovor\u00ed spoluautor \u0161t\u00fadie Roger Deane.<\/p>\n

Gigamasery sa \u010dasto objavuj\u00fa pr\u00e1ve v syst\u00e9moch, kde \u010dierna diera prech\u00e1dza akt\u00edvnou f\u00e1zou. Tak\u00e9to obdobie m\u00f4\u017ee vies\u0165 k vzniku kvazaru<\/a>, extr\u00e9mne jasn\u00e9ho jadra galaxie, ktor\u00e9 pre\u017eiari cel\u00e9 okolie.<\/p>\n

Samotn\u00e1 detekcia predstavovala len za\u010diatok. MeerKAT zhroma\u017edil terabajty d\u00e1t, ktor\u00e9 t\u00edm analyzoval pomocou \u0161pecializovan\u00fdch algoritmov a v\u00fdpo\u010dtov\u00fdch platforiem. Bez tejto infra\u0161trukt\u00fary by sign\u00e1l zanikol v \u0161ume.<\/p>\n

Objav nepredstavuje jednorazov\u00fd rekord. T\u00edm pl\u00e1nuje systematick\u00e9 prehliadky oblohy a chce identifikova\u0165 stovky a\u017e tis\u00edce podobn\u00fdch zdrojov. Ka\u017ed\u00fd \u010fal\u0161\u00ed gigamaser prinesie nov\u00fd \u00fadaj o tom, ako sa galaxie vyv\u00edjali, ako r\u00fdchlo vznikali hviezdy a ako sa k\u0155mili supermas\u00edvne \u010dierne diery.<\/p>\n


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<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Vesm\u00edr op\u00e4\u0165 uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee fyzika dok\u00e1\u017ee vytvori\u0165 javy, ktor\u00e9 znej\u00fa ako sci-fi. T\u00edm z University of Pretoria zachytil…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":9729,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[5251,34,37,5252,5253,5254,5255,5256,5257,33,4717,5258,43,40,39,42,41,36,38,35,2176,5259],"class_list":{"0":"post-9728","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-spravy","8":"tag-cierne-diery","9":"tag-headlines","10":"tag-hlavne-spravy","11":"tag-hviezdy","12":"tag-hydroxyl","13":"tag-kozmicky-laser","14":"tag-laser","15":"tag-maser","16":"tag-megamaser","17":"tag-news","18":"tag-plyn","19":"tag-rozpinanie-vesmiru","20":"tag-sk","21":"tag-slovak","22":"tag-slovakia","23":"tag-slovencina","24":"tag-slovensko","25":"tag-spravy","26":"tag-titulky","27":"tag-top-stories","28":"tag-vesmir","29":"tag-vznik-hviezd"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@sk\/116170150657736036","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9728","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9728"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9728\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/9729"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9728"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9728"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/sk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9728"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}