Can Europe survive China Shock 2.0?
As China searches for markets to absorb its excess exports, it has increasingly directed much of that manufacturing…
Defending the Wolf: The Useful Contradiction of the Bundesbank
Introduction The Deutsche Bundesbank, the German central bank, is commonly regarded as the Euroarea’s boogeyman. The pressure imparted…
North Korea diplomacy in a shifting geopolitical order
Recent shifts in the global order, including the tightening Russia-China-North Korea axis and the U.S. retreat from global…
How Europe can avoid a transatlantic trade war
President Donald Trump’s threat to impose punishing tariffs on goods from the European Union (EU) as of August…
Rebalancing world order in an age of fragmentation: A conversation with Finnish President Alexander Stubb
On April 13, the Brookings Foreign Policy program will host President Alexander Stubb of Finland as part of the Alan and Jane Batkin International Leaders…
Behind the negotiating table to end the Russia-Ukraine war
A recent flurry of negotiations among American, Russian, Ukrainian, and European officials to find a diplomatic solution to…
How should Europe position itself for systemic rivalry with China?
In 2019, when the European Union (EU) labelled China as a cooperation partner, a negotiating partner, an economic…
Fiscal policy for sustainable development: Achieving social and ecological goals
Introduction The world is facing multiple challenges to sustainable development, exacerbated by deficits in care and ecological sustainability…
Between Washington and Beijing: How Europe fits into US-China strategic competition
The Trump administration’s aggressive trade policies and skepticism toward traditional security alliances have placed considerable pressure on relations…
An update on the efficacy of sanctions against Russia
In June 2025 we published a paper calling on Europe to increasingly sanction Russia’s shadow fleet, especially now…
In the era of Trump tariffs, Turkey should look to the European Union
Perhaps the most successful outcome of Turkey’s decades-long Western vocation has been the integration of its economy into…
Europe’s economy is at a crossroads. Will it take the right path?
The European economy stands at a crossroads. The Competitiveness Compass adopted in late January by the European Commission…