• Maiuri, M., Garavelli, M. & Cerullo, G. Ultrafast spectroscopy: state of the art and open challenges. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 142, 3–15 (2020).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Hashimoto, K. & Ideguchi, T. Phase-controlled Fourier-transform spectroscopy. Nat. Commun. 9, 4448 (2018).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Markmann, S. et al. Frequency chirped Fourier-transform spectroscopy. Commun. Phys. 6, 53 (2023).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Ariese, F., Meuzelaar, H., Kerssens, M. M., Buijs, J. B. & Gooijer, C. Picosecond Raman spectroscopy with a fast intensified CCD camera for depth analysis of diffusely scattering media. Analyst 134, 1192–1197 (2009).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Zhang, Z., Piatkowski, L., Bakker, H. J. & Bonn, M. Ultrafast vibrational energy transfer at the water/air interface revealed by two-dimensional surface vibrational spectroscopy. Nat. Chem. 3, 888–893 (2011).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Zhang, H. et al. Ultrafast relaxation of lattice distortion in two-dimensional perovskites. Nat. Phys. 19, 545–550 (2023).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Neuweiler, H., Johnson, C. M. & Fersht, A. R. Direct observation of ultrafast folding and denatured state dynamics in single protein molecules. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 106, 18569–18574 (2009).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Ashoka, A. et al. Extracting quantitative dielectric properties from pump–probe spectroscopy. Nat. Commun. 13, 1437 (2022).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Woutersen, S., Emmerichs, U. & Bakker, H. J. Femtosecond mid-IR pump–probe spectroscopy of liquid water: evidence for a two-component structure. Science 278, 658–660 (1997).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Kretschmar, M. et al. Compact realization of all-attosecond pump–probe spectroscopy. Sci. Adv. 10, eadk9605 (2024).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Goda, K. & Jalali, B. Dispersive Fourier transformation for fast continuous single-shot measurements. Nat. Photon. 7, 102–112 (2013).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Mahjoubfar, A. et al. Time stretch and its applications. Nat. Photon. 11, 341–351 (2017).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Fang, H. H. et al. Photoexcitation dynamics in solution-processed formamidinium lead iodide perovskite thin films for solar cell applications. Light Sci. Appl. 5, e16056 (2016).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Kahmann, S., Shao, S. & Loi, M. A. Cooling, scattering, and recombination—the role of the material quality for the physics of tin halide perovskites. Adv. Funct. Mater. 29, 1902963 (2019).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Shin, T., Wolfson, J. W., Teitelbaum, S. W., Kandyla, M. & Nelson, K. A. Dual echelon femtosecond single-shot spectroscopy. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 85, 083115 (2014).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Walbrun, Z. S. & Wong, C. Y. In situ measurement of evolving excited-state dynamics during deposition and processing of organic films by single-shot transient absorption. Annu. Rev. Phys. Chem. 74, 267–286 (2023).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Yang, C. et al. Hyperspectrally compressed ultrafast photography. Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 023902 (2020).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Gao, L., Liang, J., Li, C. & Wang, L. V. Single-shot compressed ultrafast photography at one hundred billion frames per second. Nature 516, 74–77 (2014).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Fard, A. M., Gupta, S. & Jalali, B. Photonic time-stretch digitizer and its extension to real-time spectroscopy and imaging. Laser Photonics Rev. 7, 207–263 (2013).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Coppinger, F., Bhushan, A. & Jalali, B. Photonic time stretch and its application to analog-to-digital conversion. IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. 47, 1309–1314 (1999).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Godin, T. et al. Recent advances on time-stretch dispersive Fourier transform and its applications. Adv. Phys. X 7, 2067487 (2022).


    Google Scholar
     

  • Solli, D. R., Ropers, C., Koonath, P. & Jalali, B. Optical rogue waves. Nature 450, 1054–1057 (2007).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Herink, G., Jalali, B., Ropers, C. & Solli, D. R. Resolving the build-up of femtosecond mode-locking with single-shot spectroscopy at 90 MHz frame rate. Nat. Photon. 10, 321–326 (2016).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Peng, J., Boscolo, S., Zhao, Z. & Zeng, H. Breathing dissipative solitons in mode-locked fiber lasers. Sci. Adv. 5, eaax1110 (2019).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Herink, G. et al. Real-time spectral interferometry probes the internal dynamics of femtosecond soliton molecules. Science 356, 50–54 (2017).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Wang, Z. Q., Nithyanandan, K., Coillet, A., Tchofo-Dinda, P. & Grelu, P. Optical soliton molecular complexes in a passively mode-locked fibre laser. Nat. Commun. 10, 830 (2019).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Kawai, A. et al. Time-stretch infrared spectroscopy. Commun. Phys. 3, 152 (2020).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Hashimoto, K. et al. Upconversion time-stretch infrared spectroscopy. Light Sci. Appl. 12, 48 (2023).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Wen, Z. et al. Broadband up-conversion mid-infrared time-stretch spectroscopy. Laser Photonics Rev. 18, 2300630 (2023).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • He, L. et al. Long-wavelength infrared upconversion time-stretch spectroscopy. Appl. Phys. Lett. 125, 071102 (2024).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Li, B., Huang, S.-W., Li, Y., Wong, C. W. & Wong, K. K. Y. Panoramic-reconstruction temporal imaging for seamless measurements of slowly-evolved femtosecond pulse dynamics. Nat. Commun. 8, 61 (2017).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Karpov, M. et al. Dynamics of soliton crystals in optical microresonators. Nat. Phys. 15, 1071–1077 (2019).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Yu, M. et al. Breather soliton dynamics in microresonators. Nat. Commun. 8, 14569 (2017).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Voloshin, A. S. et al. Dynamics of soliton self-injection locking in optical microresonators. Nat. Commun. 12, 235 (2021).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Zaera, F. New advances in the use of infrared absorption spectroscopy for the characterization of heterogeneous catalytic reactions. Chem. Soc. Rev. 43, 7624–7663 (2014).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Guo, Z. et al. Long-range hot-carrier transport in hybrid perovskites visualized by ultrafast microscopy. Science 356, 59–62 (2017).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Coddington, I., Newbury, N. & Swann, W. Dual-comb spectroscopy. Optica 3, 414–426 (2016).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Chen, F. et al. Optically controlled femtosecond polariton switch at room temperature. Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 057402 (2022).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Ren, X. et al. Dual-comb optomechanical spectroscopy. Nat. Commun. 14, 5037 (2023).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Lesko, D. M. B. et al. A six-octave optical frequency comb from a scalable few-cycle erbium fibre laser. Nat. Photon. 15, 281–286 (2021).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Moroney, N. et al. A Kerr polarization controller. Nat. Commun. 13, 398 (2022).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Liang, Q. et al. Modulated ring down comb interferometry for sensing of highly complex gases. Nature 638, 941–948 (2025).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Heller, G. T., Shukla, V. K., Figueiredo, A. M. & Hansen, D. F. Picosecond dynamics of a small molecule in its bound state with an intrinsically disordered protein. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 146, 2319–2324 (2024).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Lin, Y. et al. Excess charge-carrier induced instability of hybrid perovskites. Nat. Commun. 9, 4981 (2018).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Long, D. A. et al. Nanosecond time-resolved dual-comb absorption spectroscopy. Nat. Photon. 18, 127–131 (2024).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Harilal, S. S. et al. Optical diagnostics of laser-produced plasmas. Rev. Mod. Phys. 94, 035002 (2022).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Bretscher, H. M. et al. Ultrafast melting and recovery of collective order in the excitonic insulator Ta2NiSe5. Nat. Commun. 12, 1699 (2021).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Wen, Q & Yan, M. Dataset for temporally super-resolved dispersive Fourier transformation spectroscopy. Zenodo https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20376515 (2026).