By Ludwig Moeller

The European Space Agency’s Council Meeting at Ministerial level (CM25) Nov. 26-27 in Bremen, Germany, arrives at a moment of extraordinary turbulence. Political, economic, and technological shifts are reshaping the global landscape.

This meeting should not be judged simply by traditional measures — the size of individual program subscriptions or the aggregate funding.

Instead, it must be measured by deeper signals that reveal whether ESA member states are ready to redefine Europe’s role in space, setting a new posture and . . .

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