Home » Latest Travel News » Spain’s Tourism Faces Major Overhaul: Madrid, Barcelona, Málaga, Seville, and Valencia See ‘At Capacity’ Status Amid 2025 Crackdown on Overcrowding
Published on
December 28, 2025
By: Paramita Sarkar
As of December 27, 2025, Spain’s tourism sector is undergoing a transformative change, with the official activation of the Tourist Housing Observatory as part of the country’s Sustainable Tourism Strategy 2030. This new initiative aims to combat the negative effects of overtourism and address housing affordability issues in major cities like Madrid, Barcelona, Málaga, Seville, and Valencia, which are now officially considered “at capacity” for tourism.
The Atlas of Tourist Intensity, developed by the Ministry of Industry and Tourism, has revealed a critical threshold in tourist numbers across several Spanish neighborhoods, triggering government action to manage tourism more effectively. The data, based on the Viviendas de Uso Turístico (VUT) ratio (tourist beds per 100 residents), has highlighted several neighborhoods that have surpassed the 10% saturation threshold, marking them for immediate intervention.
What Is the “Atlas of Tourist Intensity” and What Does It Show?
The Atlas of Tourist Intensity is a new data-driven tool designed to measure and monitor the impact of tourism on local communities. The tool analyzes tourist density, housing accessibility, and local perceptions of tourism to identify neighborhoods and districts that are under high pressure from overcrowding.
According to recent data, the following areas are identified as “at capacity” or experiencing significant tourist intensity:
Madrid
- Neighborhoods at Capacity: Centro (Sol, Palacio, Cortes, Embajadores)
- Intensity Status: Critical — These areas have exceeded a 15% VUT ratio, prompting a total freeze on new tourist licenses.
Barcelona
- Neighborhoods at Capacity: Ciutat Vella (Gothic Quarter, Barceloneta), Eixample
- Intensity Status: Saturation — Specific sub-blocks in the Gothic Quarter and Eixample now have more tourist beds than residential rentals.
Málaga
- Neighborhoods at Capacity: Centro Histórico, Soho
- Intensity Status: High Pressure — A 14% increase in VUTs in 2025, leading to local protests and the creation of “zero-growth” zones in high-pressure areas.
Valencia
- Neighborhoods at Capacity: Ciutat Vella, Poblats Marítims (Cabanyal)
- Intensity Status: Stressed — Over 10% growth in tourist accommodation availability, with 54,000 illegal listings being removed from platforms like Airbnb and Booking.com.
Seville
- Neighborhoods at Capacity: Casco Antiguo, Triana
- Intensity Status: Saturation — These historic districts have reached the legislative limit for tourist apartments, with no further licenses being issued.
Palma
- Neighborhoods at Capacity: Old Town (Casco Antiguo), Santa Catalina
- Intensity Status: Exempt/Declining — The only region where the VUT ratio decreased (~2%) due to a total ban on apartment rentals for tourists.
Emerging Intensity Zones: The “10% Growth” List
While some regions are already facing overcrowding, others are seeing significant growth in tourism pressure, which could lead to further monitoring and restrictions in the coming years. The Secretariat of State for Tourism flagged several provinces with the highest increases in tourist housing density:
- Asturias: The fastest-growing region, with a 14% increase in VUT volume.
- Murcia and Galicia: Both provinces recorded growth of more than 10% in tourist housing.
- Almería and Biscay: These coastal municipalities saw 20%+ growth, particularly in tourist accommodations.
Official Enforcement: The “54,000” Mandate
As part of Spain’s Tourism Strategy 2030, the government has rolled out a significant initiative to remove illegal holiday apartments from the market. The Tourist Housing Observatory has identified more than 54,000 illegal listings on major platforms like Airbnb and Booking.com, which will be removed by cross-referencing the Atlas with the Land Registry (Catastro).
This crackdown is part of a broader effort to manage tourist density in overcrowded areas and reduce the negative impact of overtourism on local communities. Municipalities in high-intensity zones will also have the authority to cap residential rents and tourist licenses, aiming to preserve the quality of life for residents and curb gentrification in popular neighborhoods.
Key Indicators for Measuring Tourism Capacity
To determine whether a neighborhood is “at capacity,” the Dataestur dashboard tracks three core Sustainability Indicators:
- Tourist Density Index: Measures the number of tourists per square kilometer in a specific area. Higher tourist density often leads to overcrowding and strain on local resources.
- Housing Accessibility: Examines the percentage of local income required to rent property in high-intensity zones. Areas with over 40% of local income spent on rent are considered stressed, indicating that tourism is significantly impacting the cost of living for residents.
- Resident Perception: Annual surveys conducted by the Secretariat of State for Tourism show that 27% of residents in stressed neighborhoods perceive tourism as a negative impact on their quality of life. This metric helps gauge the social impact of tourism on local communities.
Sustainability Initiatives to Manage Growth
Spain’s efforts to manage tourism growth extend beyond monitoring tourist density. Several regions are adopting sustainability frameworks to ensure that tourism remains economically beneficial without harming the environment or local communities.
- Estonia: Focuses on ecotourism and rural tourism, encouraging a more balanced distribution of tourists across regions to prevent overcrowding in the capital.
- Norway: Aims for carbon neutrality by 2050, with a strong focus on sustainable tourism in its fjords and Arctic regions.
- Malta: Allocated 2.01% of GDP to environmental protection to counteract the pressures of high tourist density.
- Slovakia: Implemented stricter ecological legislation, focusing on biodiversity conservation and reducing emissions from the tourism sector.
- Portugal: Achieved a 20-year high in well-being, measuring the success of tourism by resident quality of life instead of just tourist arrivals.
The Future of Tourism in Spain
With its Sustainable Tourism Strategy 2030, Spain is not only aiming to control overtourism but also to ensure that local communities benefit from tourism. By focusing on value-driven travel, sustainability, and regional tourism, Spain hopes to create a more equitable tourism model that balances economic growth with social and environmental responsibility.
As Madrid, Barcelona, Valencia, and other cities implement these measures, the government will continue to use the Atlas of Tourist Intensity to track tourism trends and adjust policies accordingly. With the increasing popularity of off-peak travel and value-seeking tourists, Spain is setting a global example of how tourism can be managed in a way that benefits both visitors and residents.
Conclusion: Managing Growth and Sustainability in European Tourism
The implementation of the Tourist Housing Observatory and the Atlas of Tourist Intensity marks a pivotal moment in Spain’s efforts to manage tourism sustainably in 2025. The country’s response to overtourism, coupled with environmental strategies and tourist housing regulations, sets a precedent for other European countries grappling with similar challenges. As Spain continues to grow as a top European destination, its commitment to sustainability and regional balance will ensure that its tourism sector thrives without compromising the quality of life for residents or the preservation of its rich cultural heritage.
