Doctor Reveals Number 1 Cause Of Head And Neck Cancer— And No It’s Not Genetics (Image Credits: iStock)
Head and neck cancer cases are rising globally, and experts say tobacco remains the leading cause—far outweighing concerns over mouthwash use or genetics. According to Dr Mandar Deshpande, Head of Head and Neck Oncology, Surgical Oncology at Kokilaben Dhirubhai Ambani Hospital, Mumbai, “Among the three factors—tobacco, mouthwash, and genetics—tobacco is the most significant contributor to head and neck cancers.”
These cancers include those affecting the oral cavity, throat, voice box, and related areas. Lifestyle factors, especially the use of tobacco and alcohol, are among the key risk factors.
Tobacco: The Most Dangerous Risk FactorDr Deshpande explains that tobacco—whether smoked or chewed—is the primary cause of mutations in the mouth and throat tissues, which can lead to cancer over time. “Tobacco contains carcinogenic substances that directly damage the lining of the oral cavity. Additives like areca nut (supari) and chemical-laced paan masalas only worsen the risk by causing a precancerous condition known as oral submucous fibrosis,” he says.
He also points out that the combination of tobacco and alcohol significantly increases the risk. “When used together, tobacco and alcohol act synergistically and multiply the chances of developing head and neck cancers.”
Mouthwash and Cancer Risk: Is There a Link?There has been a public debate about whether alcohol-based mouthwashes might increase the risk of oral cancers. However, Dr Deshpande clarifies that current evidence does not support this concern.
“There is no strong evidence that mouthwash use, even those containing alcohol, causes head and neck cancer,” he says. “While excessive use can irritate the mouth’s lining, normal use as per dental guidance is not harmful.”
Genetics: A Lesser-Known FactorWhile genetics play a significant role in certain cancers like breast or ovarian cancer, Dr. Deshpande explains that head and neck cancers are more commonly linked to lifestyle than hereditary factors.
“Oral cancers are largely preventable through changes in lifestyle. Although genetics may increase a person’s sensitivity to environmental exposures, they are not the leading cause of these cancers,” he adds. He also notes that thyroid cancers may have a genetic link, but they are different in nature.
Importance of Prevention and Early DetectionDr Deshpande explains the need for awareness about early warning signs, such as persistent mouth ulcers, white or red patches in the mouth, difficulty swallowing, or non-healing sores.
“Regular dental check-ups and prompt medical attention for unusual symptoms can lead to early detection and better treatment outcomes,” he says.
The most effective way to reduce the risk of head and neck cancer is by avoiding tobacco and limiting alcohol consumption.
Among the factors often linked to head and neck cancers—tobacco, mouthwash, and genetics—tobacco is the most dangerous. While mouthwash and genetic predisposition may play minor roles, lifestyle choices remain the biggest influence.
Get Latest News Live on Times Now along with Breaking News and Top Headlines from Health and around the world.