Once again, Denmark played a pivotal role, generating 44% of the EU’s total. The report also notes that the raw materials for high-quality production often come from small, oily fish like blue whiting, capelin, and sprat.
Evolving Trade Dynamics
Despite its strong production, the EU remains a net importer of fishmeal. However, trade patterns have undergone a major transformation.
Between 2014 and 2024, EU fishmeal imports fell by 41%. This was largely driven by a massive 93% drop in imports from Peru, which once supplied 167,000 tonnes but now provides just 9,500 tonnes. As a result, new suppliers such as Morocco, Norway, and South Africa have emerged as key partners.
For fish oil, imports decreased by 28%, but their value increased by 58%. This indicates a market that is moving towards higher-value products.
While the EU’s fish oil exports dropped slightly by 6%, the trade deficit narrowed to just 7,000 tonnes in 2024, and the EU achieved a positive trade balance of €50 million. The main destinations for these exports were Norway (77%) and the UK (15%).
Market Drivers and Future Outlook
The study highlights that EU fish oil prices, adjusted for inflation, have surged by an average of 117% over the last 12 years, while fishmeal prices have increased by 3%. These price fluctuations are largely influenced by global production, especially from South America.
The demand for high-quality protein and omega-3 fatty acids in aquaculture, pet food, and dietary supplements continues to drive market growth.
However, the industry faces challenges, including unpredictable supply due to changing ocean conditions and stricter fishing quotas.
Looking forward, the report emphasizes that continued innovation in using by-products and exploring new protein sources, such as insects and algae, will be key to the long-term success of the fishmeal and fish oil sector.