{"id":15271,"date":"2025-04-13T01:49:11","date_gmt":"2025-04-13T01:49:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/15271\/"},"modified":"2025-04-13T01:49:11","modified_gmt":"2025-04-13T01:49:11","slug":"new-experiment-halves-weight-limit-of-elusive-neutrinos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/15271\/","title":{"rendered":"New experiment halves weight limit of elusive neutrinos"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>            <img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/experiment-shrinks-wei.jpg\" alt=\"Experiment shrinks weight limit of mysterious 'ghost particle'\" title=\"Installation of the inner electrode system of the KATRIN Main Spectrometer. Credit: Markus Breig, KIT\" width=\"800\" height=\"530\"\/><\/p>\n<p>                Installation of the inner electrode system of the KATRIN Main Spectrometer. Credit: Markus Breig, KIT<\/p>\n<p>Scientists trying to discover the elusive mass of neutrinos, tiny &#8220;ghost particles&#8221; that could solve some of the universe&#8217;s biggest mysteries, announced a new limit on Thursday for how much they could weigh, halving the previous estimate.<\/p>\n<p>Since the existence of <a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/tags\/neutrinos\/\" rel=\"tag noopener\" class=\"textTag\" target=\"_blank\">neutrinos<\/a> was proposed nearly a century ago, scientists around the world have struggled to learn much about them\u2014particularly their mass.<\/p>\n<p>This is important because the neutrino, as the most abundant particle in the universe, &#8220;weaves a thread that connects the infinitely small and the infinitely large,&#8221; Thierry Lasserre, a physicist at France&#8217;s Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission, told AFP.<\/p>\n<p>Its mass &#8220;influences the structures that make up the cosmos,&#8221; he added.<\/p>\n<p>These invisible particles have been washing across the universe since the Big Bang 13.8 billion years ago.<\/p>\n<p>The number of neutrinos out there is difficult to comprehend\u2014there are roughly a billion for every atom in the cosmos.<\/p>\n<p>However, because they have so little mass and lack an <a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/tags\/electric+charge\/\" rel=\"tag noopener\" class=\"textTag\" target=\"_blank\">electric charge<\/a>, neutrinos very rarely interact with matter.<\/p>\n<p>For example, trillions of these so-called ghost particles are thought to be streaming through human bodies every second, with us none the wiser.<\/p>\n<p>This makes them exceedingly difficult to study. But not impossible.<\/p>\n<p>            <video class=\"embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9\" id=\"jwVID83073\" controls=\"\" poster=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/video_tmb\/2025\/new-experiment-halves.mp4.jpg\"><\/p>\n<p>        <\/video><br \/>\n            Credit: Joachim Wolf, KIT  <\/p>\n<p>Chasing ghosts<\/p>\n<p>More than a hundred scientists from six countries have been hunting down the neutrino since 2019 as part of the KATRIN collaboration at Germany&#8217;s Karlsruhe Institute of Technology.<\/p>\n<p>In a study <a href=\"https:\/\/www.science.org\/doi\/10.1126\/science.adq9592\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">published<\/a> in the journal Science on Thursday, the collaboration announced that a neutrino&#8217;s mass cannot exceed 0.45 electron volts.<\/p>\n<p>That is less than a billionth of the mass of a proton, which is inside the nucleus of every atom.<\/p>\n<p>The new upper limit for a neutrino&#8217;s mass is around half the figure that KATRIN announced in 2022 after its first measurements.<\/p>\n<p>KATRIN uses a massive spectrometer to record the decay of tritium, a radioactive form of hydrogen which releases both electrons and neutrinos.<\/p>\n<p>These particles spin around a 70-meter-long (230-foot-long) structure dominated by the 200-tonne spectrometer, which operates in a vacuum.<\/p>\n<p>            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/new-experiment-halves.jpg\" alt=\"New experiment halves weight limit of elusive neutrinos\" title=\"Laser Raman system for the analysis of the tritium gas composition in the WGTS. Credit: Tritium Laboratory, KIT\"\/><\/p>\n<p>                Laser Raman system for the analysis of the tritium gas composition in the WGTS. Credit: Tritium Laboratory, KIT<\/p>\n<p>The electron and neutrino share the energy produced by the decaying tritium. So the trick is to measure the electron&#8217;s energy to infer information about the neutrino.<\/p>\n<p>This requires measuring a lot of electrons.<\/p>\n<p>Six million had to be measured to achieve KATRIN&#8217;s first results in 2022.<\/p>\n<p>And it took 36 million to reach the more accurate figure announced on Thursday.<\/p>\n<p>&#8220;When we have collected all our data by the end of the year,&#8221; the team will have measured around 250 million electrons, Lasserre said.<\/p>\n<p>That will be the moment of truth.<\/p>\n<p>Either the experiment will have finally uncovered a &#8220;trace&#8221; of the neutrino\u2014or have determined that its mass is less than 0.3 <a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/tags\/electron+volts\/\" rel=\"tag noopener\" class=\"textTag\" target=\"_blank\">electron volts<\/a>, Lasserre explained.<\/p>\n<p>            <video class=\"embed-responsive embed-responsive-16by9\" id=\"jwVID83074\" controls=\"\" poster=\"https:\/\/scx1.b-cdn.net\/gfx\/video_tmb\/2025\/new-experiment-halves-1.mp4.jpg\"><\/p>\n<p>        <\/video><br \/>\n            Construction of KATRIN experiment and first signal. Credit: Joachim Wolf, KIT  <\/p>\n<p>Dark energy<\/p>\n<p>Scientists hope that pinning down the neutrino&#8217;s mass will help unravel several stubborn secrets of the cosmos.<\/p>\n<p>Despite their incredible lightness, neutrinos have been included in some models seeking to explain dark energy\u2014the unknown force thought to be driving the ever-faster expansion of the universe.<\/p>\n<p>Roughly 95% of the universe is thought to be composed of <a href=\"https:\/\/phys.org\/tags\/dark+energy\/\" rel=\"tag noopener\" class=\"textTag\" target=\"_blank\">dark energy<\/a> and the equally unknown dark matter, leaving just 5% for everything else.<\/p>\n<p>            <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/04\/new-experiment-halves-1.jpg\" alt=\"New experiment halves weight limit of elusive neutrinos\" title=\"Source section of the KATRIN experiment. Credit: Schwerdt-Fotografie, Heidelberg\"\/><\/p>\n<p>                Source section of the KATRIN experiment. Credit: Schwerdt-Fotografie, Heidelberg<\/p>\n<p>The KATRIN collaboration is planning to set up a new detection system, called TRISTAN, to hunt for a new breed of neutrinos called sterile neutrinos.<\/p>\n<p>These hypothetical particles do not interact with matter, but have much more mass than normal neutrinos.<\/p>\n<p>Some scientists have proposed that these strangely heavy neutrinos could actually be what we know as dark matter.<\/p>\n<p><strong>More information:<\/strong><br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDirect neutrino-mass measurement based on 259 days of KATRIN data, Science (2025). <a data-doi=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1126\/science.adq9592\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">DOI: 10.1126\/science.adq9592<\/a>\n<\/p>\n<p>Loredana Gastaldo, Closing the gap in the neutrino mass, Science (2025). <a data-doi=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1126\/science.adw9435\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">DOI: 10.1126\/science.adw9435<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"article-main__note mt-4\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t  \u00a9 2025 AFP\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<strong>Citation<\/strong>:<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tNew experiment halves weight limit of elusive neutrinos (2025, April 10)<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tretrieved 12 April 2025<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tfrom https:\/\/phys.org\/news\/2025-04-halves-weight-limit-elusive-neutrinos.html\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t This document is subject to copyright. Apart from any fair dealing for the purpose of private study or research, no<br \/>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t part may be reproduced without the written permission. The content is provided for information purposes only.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Installation of the inner electrode system of the KATRIN Main Spectrometer. Credit: Markus Breig, KIT Scientists trying to&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":15272,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[75,76,74,71,70,72,53,73,16,15],"class_list":{"0":"post-15271","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-science","8":"tag-materials","9":"tag-nanotech","10":"tag-physics","11":"tag-physics-news","12":"tag-science","13":"tag-science-news","14":"tag-technology","15":"tag-technology-news","16":"tag-uk","17":"tag-united-kingdom"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@uk\/114328146164415714","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15271","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=15271"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15271\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15272"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=15271"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=15271"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=15271"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}