The Treasury is looking at ways to raise more money from inheritance tax amid growing pressure on the country\u2019s finances ahead of the autumn budget, sources have told the Guardian.<\/p>\n
Officials have been tasked with examining whether tightening rules on the gifting of money and assets could be one way of addressing a gap between revenue and spending that is estimated to reach more than \u00a340bn<\/a>.<\/p>\n Although no decisions have been taken, the government has been careful not to rule out tax rises later this year amid slowing economic growth<\/a>, higher-than-hoped inflation<\/a> and unemployment at a four-year high<\/a>.<\/p>\n Labour MPs have been pushing the idea of a wealth tax, but changes to inheritance tax (IHT) thresholds could be similarly controversial.<\/p>\n Rachel Reeves and Keir Starmer have already prepared the ground<\/a> for tax rises in recent interviews, suggesting that the pressure on public finances is too great to rule them out.<\/p>\n However, the government\u2019s pledge not to increase taxes on \u201cworking people\u201d in its election manifesto has left the chancellor with limited options for how to tackle a yawning deficit cause by factors including Donald Trump\u2019s tariffs<\/a>, higher debt interest payments<\/a> and a series of U-turns on welfare cuts<\/a>.<\/p>\n Among the moves being considered are changes to how wealth or assets can be given away prior to death to reduce inheritance tax liablities. This includes examining the possibility of a cap on lifetime gifting.<\/p>\n At present, gifts made seven years before someone dies are not subject to IHT, while those given three to seven years before death are taxed on a sliding scale known as \u201ctaper relief\u201d, with the rate reducing each year from 32% to 8%.<\/p>\n A lifetime cap could be introduced to limit the amount of money or value of assets an individual can donate as part of their IHT planning and the Treasury is also reviewing rules around the taper rate, people familiar with the matter said.<\/p>\n A source with knowledge of the work told the Guardian: \u201cWith so much wealth stored in assets like houses that have shot up in value, we have to find ways to better tap into the inheritances of those who can afford to contribute more.<\/p>\n \u201cIt\u2019s hard to make sure these taxes don\u2019t end up with loopholes that undermine their purpose. But we are trying to work out what revenue might be raised and how to ensure it\u2019s a fair approach.\u201d<\/p>\n The source added: \u201cIHT can raise more, and even if we do nothing, it will raise more money as the threshold for paying it stays frozen. But we have to look at the levers for taxing wealth if the aim of the government is to avoid hitting earnings from work as much as possible.\u201d<\/p>\n IHT changes have provoked a strong public response in the past, even though fewer than one in 20 estates paid it in recent years.<\/p>\n In the late 2000s the Conservatives enjoyed a significant swing in opinion polls when they proposed raising the threshold at which IHT would kick in. As party leader David Cameron made it a hot-button issue, putting pressure on the Labour prime minister, Gordon Brown<\/a>, with headlines about the \u201cdeath tax\u201d.<\/p>\n Reeves has faced fierce criticism<\/a> and protests<\/a> over the past year in response to her decision in last autumn\u2019s budget to cut tax breaks for farmers passing on their businesses.<\/p>\n She defended her decision on Tuesday in an interview in Northern Ireland, saying she believed that those farmers with more than \u00a33m to pass on \u201cshould make a contribution\u201d and that they would still continue to pay a lower rate of IHT than others.<\/p>\n Only 4.6% of deaths resulted in IHT being paid in the tax year 2022-23, according to the latest figures<\/a> from HMRC. The average effective tax rate was 13%, after accounting for all the different reliefs and exemptions that might apply depending on the individual circumstances. That compares with the headline rate of 40%.<\/p>\n The government is trying to work out how it can tap into the vast wave of wealth that will be transferred from baby boomers when they die<\/a>, fuelled by large pension pots, as well as house prices that have risen sharply over their lifetimes.<\/p>\n skip past newsletter promotion<\/a><\/p>\n Sign up to Business Today<\/p>\n Get set for the working day \u2013 we’ll point you to all the business news and analysis you need every morning<\/p>\n Privacy Notice: <\/strong>Newsletters may contain info about charities, online ads, and content funded by outside parties. For more information see our Privacy Policy<\/a>. We use Google reCaptcha to protect our website and the Google Privacy Policy<\/a> and Terms of Service<\/a> apply.<\/p>\n after newsletter promotion<\/p>\n It already took steps to bring these pensions into the scope of IHT late last year. From April 2027, most unused pension pots and death benefits will be subject to the tax. This leaves large loopholes, however, if sums are withdrawn and gifted instead, and officials are increasingly concerned about large cash sums being extracted from these pots.<\/p>\n Another possible revenue stream being looked at is whether to increase capital gains tax rates by a few percentage points.<\/p>\n However, this would be accompanied by some kind of CGT allowance for investors who put money into British businesses, as the Treasury tries to strike a balance between tapping into wealth to fund public services without deterring investment into the UK.<\/p>\n There is growing anecdotal evidence that some wealthy people and company directors may have already left the UK<\/a> following recent tax changes, including the end of the \u201cnon-dom\u201d status<\/a>, though no official data is yet available.<\/p>\n