{"id":775663,"date":"2026-02-19T21:17:11","date_gmt":"2026-02-19T21:17:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/775663\/"},"modified":"2026-02-19T21:17:11","modified_gmt":"2026-02-19T21:17:11","slug":"how-are-midsize-firms-reacting-to-tariffs","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/775663\/","title":{"rendered":"How are midsize firms reacting to tariffs?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Bernard, Andrew B, J Bradford Jensen, Stephen J Redding, and Peter K Schott. 2007. &#8220;Firms in international trade.&#8221; Journal of Economic Perspectives 105&#8211;130.<\/p>\n<p>Burkhart, William F., and Keigh E. Hammond. 2026. Presidential 2025 Tariff Actions: Timeline and Status. CRS Report R48549, Congressonal Research Service. Accessed January 16, 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/crs_external_products\/R\/PDF\/R48549\/R48549.12.pdf.\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Congressonal Research Service\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/crs_external_products\/R\/PDF\/R48549\/R48549.12.pdf.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Cavallo, Alberto, Paola Llamas, and Franco M Vazquez. 2026. &#8220;Tracking the short-run price impact of US tariffs.&#8221;\u00a0Harvard Business School Pricing Lab. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pricinglab.org\/files\/TrackingTariffs_Cavallo_Llamas_Vazquez.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Harvard Business School Pricing Lab\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.pricinglab.org\/files\/TrackingTariffs_Cavallo_Llamas_Vazquez.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Federal Register. 2025a. &#8220;Further Amendment to Duties Addressing the Synthetic Opioid Supply Chain in the People&#8217;s Republic of China as Applied to Low-Value Imports.&#8221; Federal Register, April 7: 14899-14902. Accessed January 27, 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.govinfo.gov\/content\/pkg\/FR-2025-04-07\/pdf\/2025-06027.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Presidential Documents\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.govinfo.gov\/content\/pkg\/FR-2025-04-07\/pdf\/2025-06027.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u2014. 2025b. &#8220;Modifying Reciprocal Tariff Rates Consistent With the Economic and Trade Arrangement Between the United States and the People&#8217;s Republic of China.&#8221; Federal Register, November 7: 50729-50731. Accessed January 27, 2026. <a title=\"Presidential\" href=\"http:\/\/www.govinfo.gov\/content\/pkg\/FR-2025-11-07\/pdf\/2025-19826.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.govinfo.gov\/content\/pkg\/FR-2025-11-07\/pdf\/2025-19826.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u2014. 2025c. &#8220;Modifying the Scope of Tariffs on the Government of Brazil.&#8221; Federal Register, November 26: 54467-54516. Accessed January 27, 2026. <a title=\"Presidential\" href=\"http:\/\/www.govinfo.gov\/content\/pkg\/FR-2025-11-26\/pdf\/2025-21417.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">www.govinfo.gov\/content\/pkg\/FR-2025-11-26\/pdf\/2025-21417.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Gopinath, Gita, and Brent Neiman. 2025. The Incidence of Tariffs: Rates and Reality. Working Paper No. 2025-151, Chicago: University of Chicago Becker Friedman Institute for Economics. <a href=\"https:\/\/bfi.uchicago.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/BFI_WP_2025-151.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"The Incidence of Tariffs: Rates and Reality\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/bfi.uchicago.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/BFI_WP_2025-151.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Hinz, Julian, Aaron Lohmann, Hendrik Mahlkow, and Anna Vorwig. 2026. America\u2019s Own Goal: Who Pays the Tariffs? Kiel Policy Brief No. 201, Kiel Institute for the World Economy. <a href=\"http:\/\/kielinstitut.de\/fileadmin\/Dateiverwaltung\/IfW-Publications\/fis-import\/92fb3f30-07b8-4dcf-b2bc-fbefb831f1a1-KPB201_EN.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Kiel Institute for the World Economy\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/kielinstitut.de\/fileadmin\/Dateiverwaltung\/IfW-Publications\/fis-import\/92fb3f30-07b8-4dcf-b2bc-fbefb831f1a1-KPB201_EN.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>International Trade Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce. 2026. Methods of Payment. Accessed January 16, 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.trade.gov\/methods-payment\" title=\" Methods of Payment\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.trade.gov\/methods-payment<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Kouvelis, Panos, Xiao Tan, and Sammi Tang. 2023. &#8220;Flexibility Value of Reshoring Capacity under Policy Uncertainty and Domestic Competition.&#8221; University of Miami Business School Research Paper No. 4497854. <a href=\"https:\/\/ssrn.com\/abstract=4497854\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"University of Miami Business School Research\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/ssrn.com\/abstract=4497854<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Luo, Wanling, Lysle Boller, and Xiaoyue Sun. 2025. Import Surges and Tariff Avoidance: The Short-Term Impact of the Trump Administration\u2019s Trade Policies. The Penn Wharton Budget Model.<\/p>\n<p>Monarch, Ryan, and Tim Schmidt-Eisenlohr. 2016. &#8220;Learning and the Value of Relationships in International Trade.&#8221; U. S. Census Bureau Center for Economic Studies Paper No. CES-WP-16-11.<\/p>\n<p>Monarch, Ryan, and Tim Schmidt-Eisenlohr. 2023. &#8220;Longevity and the value of trade relationships.&#8221; Journal of International Economics 103842.<\/p>\n<p>National Center for the Middle Market. 2016. Winning in the Americas &#8212; Middle Market Trade and Investment in North, Central, and South America. National Center for the Middle Market. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.middlemarketcenter.org\/Media\/Documents\/us-middle-market-company-barriers-and-opportunities-in-north-central-and-south-america_NCMM_Export_Flagship_FINALr_web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Middle Market Trade and Investment in North\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.middlemarketcenter.org\/Media\/Documents\/us-middle-market-company-barriers-and-opportunities-in-north-central-and-south-america_NCMM_Export_Flagship_FINALr_web.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>National Center for the Middle Market. 2025. Year-End 2024 Middle Market Indicator. National Center for the Middle Market. Accessed January 16, 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.middlemarketcenter.org\/Media\/Documents\/MiddleMarketIndicators\/2024-Q4\/FullReport\/NCMM_MMI_YEAR-END_2024_web.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"National Center for the Middle Market\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.middlemarketcenter.org\/Media\/Documents\/MiddleMarketIndicators\/2024-Q4\/FullReport\/NCMM_MMI_YEAR-END_2024_web.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Supreme Court of the United States. 2025. Argument Transcript&#8211;Learning Resources, Inc. v. Trump, President of U.S. November 5. Accessed January 16, 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.supremecourt.gov\/oral_arguments\/argument_transcripts\/2025\/24-1287_b07d.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Supreme Court of the United States\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.supremecourt.gov\/oral_arguments\/argument_transcripts\/2025\/24-1287_b07d.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>\u2014. 2026. Opinions of the Court &#8211; 2025. January 14. Accessed January 16, 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.supremecourt.gov\/opinions\/slipopinion\/25\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Opinions of the Court\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.supremecourt.gov\/opinions\/slipopinion\/25<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The Penn Wharton Budget Model. 2026. Effective Tariff Rates and Revenues. January 15. Accessed January 16, 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/budgetmodel.wharton.upenn.edu\/issues\/2026\/1\/15\/effective-tariff-rates-and-revenues-updated-january-15-2026\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Effective Tariff Rates and Revenues\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/budgetmodel.wharton.upenn.edu\/issues\/2026\/1\/15\/effective-tariff-rates-and-revenues-updated-january-15-2026<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The White House. 2025. Suspending Duty-Free De Minimis Treatment for All Countries. July 30. Accessed January 16, 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/presidential-actions\/2025\/07\/suspending-duty-free-de-minimis-treatment-for-all-countries\/\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"The White House.\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.whitehouse.gov\/presidential-actions\/2025\/07\/suspending-duty-free-de-minimis-treatment-for-all-countries\/<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>U.S. Census Bureau. 2024. A Profile of U.S. Importing and Exporting Companies. April 4. Accessed January 16, 2026. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.census.gov\/foreign-trade\/Press-Release\/edb\/edbrel2022.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Exporting Companies\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.census.gov\/foreign-trade\/Press-Release\/edb\/edbrel2022.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Wheat, Chris, Chi Mac, Ole Agersnap, and Nick Niers. 2025b. Exposure to tariffs for midsize firms by country of origin and industry. JPMorganChase Institute. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jpmorganchase.com\/content\/dam\/jpmorganchase\/institute\/documents\/exposure-to-tariffs-for-midsize-firms-by-country-and-industry.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Exposure to tariffs for midsize firms by country of origin and industry\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.jpmorganchase.com\/content\/dam\/jpmorganchase\/institute\/documents\/exposure-to-tariffs-for-midsize-firms-by-country-and-industry.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Wheat, Chris, Chi Mac, Ole Agersnap, and Nick Niers. 2025a. Exposure to tariffs for midsize firms by metro area. JPMorganChase Institute. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.jpmorganchase.com\/content\/dam\/jpmorganchase\/institute\/documents\/exposure-to-tariffs-for-midsize-firms-by-metro-area.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" title=\"Exposure to tariffs for midsize firms by metro area\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.jpmorganchase.com\/content\/dam\/jpmorganchase\/institute\/documents\/exposure-to-tariffs-for-midsize-firms-by-metro-area.pdf<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Zirpoli, Christopher T. 2025. Court Decisions Regarding Tariffs Imposed Under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA). CRS Legal Sidebar LSB11332, Congressional Research Service. <a title=\"Court Decisions Regarding Tariffs Imposed Under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act \" href=\"https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/crs-product\/LSB11332\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.congress.gov\/crs-product\/LSB11332<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Bernard, Andrew B, J Bradford Jensen, Stephen J Redding, and Peter K Schott. 2007. &#8220;Firms in international trade.&#8221;&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":775664,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3094],"tags":[51,91412,3134,2343,661,16,15],"class_list":{"0":"post-775663","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-entrepreneurship","8":"tag-business","9":"tag-business-growth-and-entrepreneurship","10":"tag-entrepreneurship","11":"tag-research","12":"tag-text","13":"tag-uk","14":"tag-united-kingdom"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@uk\/116099379697114902","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/775663","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=775663"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/775663\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/775664"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=775663"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=775663"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=775663"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}