{"id":83636,"date":"2025-05-08T04:11:13","date_gmt":"2025-05-08T04:11:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/83636\/"},"modified":"2025-05-08T04:11:13","modified_gmt":"2025-05-08T04:11:13","slug":"a-full-length-s1-gene-sequencing-of-a-novel-emerged-gi-19-and-gi-23-lineages-of-infectious-bronchitis-virus-currently-circulating-in-chicken-flocks-in-upper-egypt-reveals-marked-genetic-diversity-and","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/83636\/","title":{"rendered":"A full-length S1 gene sequencing of a novel emerged GI-19 and GI-23 lineages of Infectious bronchitis virus currently circulating in chicken flocks in upper Egypt reveals marked genetic diversity and recombination events | Virology Journal"},"content":{"rendered":"<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"1.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR1\">Zhang X, Guo M, Zhao J, Wu Y. Avian infectious bronchitis in China: epidemiology, vaccination, and control. Avian Dis. 2021;65:654\u20138.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1637\/aviandiseases-21-00098\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1637\/aviandiseases-21-00098\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1637%2Faviandiseases-21-00098\" aria-label=\"Article reference 1\" data-doi=\"10.1637\/aviandiseases-21-00098\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 1\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Avian%20infectious%20bronchitis%20in%20China%3A%20epidemiology%2C%20vaccination%2C%20and%20control&amp;journal=Avian%20Dis&amp;doi=10.1637%2Faviandiseases-21-00098&amp;volume=65&amp;pages=654-658&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Zhang%2CX&amp;author=Guo%2CM&amp;author=Zhao%2CJ&amp;author=Wu%2CY\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"2.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR2\">Jackwood M, de Wit JJ. Infectious bronchitis virus. In: Swayne DE, Boulianne M, Logue CM, McDougald LR, Nair V, Suarez DL, editors. Diseases of poultry. 14th ed. Hoboken: Wiley-Blackwell; 2020. p. 167\u201388.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1002\/9781119371199.ch4\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1002\/9781119371199.ch4\" data-track-value=\"chapter reference\" data-track-action=\"chapter reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002%2F9781119371199.ch4\" aria-label=\"Chapter reference 2\" data-doi=\"10.1002\/9781119371199.ch4\" target=\"_blank\">Chapter<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 2\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Infectious%20bronchitis%20virus&amp;doi=10.1002%2F9781119371199.ch4&amp;pages=167-188&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Jackwood%2CM&amp;author=Wit%2CJJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"3.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR3\">Cheng J, Zhao Y, Hu Y, Zhao J, Xue J, Zhang G. The furin-S2\u2019 site in avian coronavirus plays a key role in central nervous system damage progression. J Virol. 2021;95:e02447-e2520.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1128\/JVI.02447-20\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1128\/JVI.02447-20\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128%2FJVI.02447-20\" aria-label=\"Article reference 3\" data-doi=\"10.1128\/JVI.02447-20\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3MXht1ensrbE\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 3\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=33727330\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 3\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8139701\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 3\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 3\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20furin-S2%E2%80%99%20site%20in%20avian%20coronavirus%20plays%20a%20key%20role%20in%20central%20nervous%20system%20damage%20progression&amp;journal=J%20Virol&amp;doi=10.1128%2FJVI.02447-20&amp;volume=95&amp;pages=e02447-e2520&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Cheng%2CJ&amp;author=Zhao%2CY&amp;author=Hu%2CY&amp;author=Zhao%2CJ&amp;author=Xue%2CJ&amp;author=Zhang%2CG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"4.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR4\">Zhao J, Zhao Y, Zhang G. Key aspects of coronavirus avian infectious bronchitis virus. Pathogens. 2023;12:698.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3390\/pathogens12050698\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3390\/pathogens12050698\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Fpathogens12050698\" aria-label=\"Article reference 4\" data-doi=\"10.3390\/pathogens12050698\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3sXhtFyntb%2FI\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 4\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=37242368\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 4\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC10221305\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 4\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 4\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Key%20aspects%20of%20coronavirus%20avian%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus&amp;journal=Pathogens&amp;doi=10.3390%2Fpathogens12050698&amp;volume=12&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Zhao%2CJ&amp;author=Zhao%2CY&amp;author=Zhang%2CG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"5.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR5\">De Wit JJ, Cook JKA. Spotlight on avian pathology: infectious bronchitis virus. Avian Pathol. 2019;48:393\u20135.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1080\/03079457.2019.1617400\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1080\/03079457.2019.1617400\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080%2F03079457.2019.1617400\" aria-label=\"Article reference 5\" data-doi=\"10.1080\/03079457.2019.1617400\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=31084356\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 5\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 5\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Spotlight%20on%20avian%20pathology%3A%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus&amp;journal=Avian%20Pathol&amp;doi=10.1080%2F03079457.2019.1617400&amp;volume=48&amp;pages=393-395&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Wit%2CJJ&amp;author=Cook%2CJKA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"6.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR6\">Bhuiyan MS, Amin KF, Rodrigues SS, Saallah M, Shaarani SS, Siddiquee S. Infectious bronchitis virus (gammacoronavirus) in poultry farming: vaccination, immune response and measures for mitigation. Vet Sci. 2021;8:273.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=34822646\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 6\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8623603\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 6\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 6\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20%28gammacoronavirus%29%20in%20poultry%20farming%3A%20vaccination%2C%20immune%20response%20and%20measures%20for%20mitigation&amp;journal=Vet%20Sci&amp;volume=8&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Bhuiyan%2CMS&amp;author=Amin%2CKF&amp;author=Rodrigues%2CSS&amp;author=Saallah%2CM&amp;author=Shaarani%2CSS&amp;author=Siddiquee%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"7.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR7\">Cavanagh D. Coronavirus avian infectious bronchitis virus. Vet Res. 2007;38:281\u201397.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1051\/vetres:2006055\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1051\/vetres:2006055\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1051%2Fvetres%3A2006055\" aria-label=\"Article reference 7\" data-doi=\"10.1051\/vetres:2006055\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXktFCjsLw%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 7\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=17296157\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 7\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 7\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Coronavirus%20avian%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus&amp;journal=Vet%20Res&amp;doi=10.1051%2Fvetres%3A2006055&amp;volume=38&amp;pages=281-297&amp;publication_year=2007&amp;author=Cavanagh%2CD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"8.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR8\">Promkuntod N, van Eijndhoven RE, de Vrieze G, Gr\u00f6ne A, Verheije MH. Mapping of the receptor-binding domain and amino acids critical for attachment in the spike protein of avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus. Virology. 2014;448:26\u201332.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.virol.2013.09.018\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.virol.2013.09.018\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.virol.2013.09.018\" aria-label=\"Article reference 8\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.virol.2013.09.018\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhvFOhs7%2FM\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 8\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=24314633\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 8\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 8\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Mapping%20of%20the%20receptor-binding%20domain%20and%20amino%20acids%20critical%20for%20attachment%20in%20the%20spike%20protein%20of%20avian%20coronavirus%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus&amp;journal=Virology&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.virol.2013.09.018&amp;volume=448&amp;pages=26-32&amp;publication_year=2014&amp;author=Promkuntod%2CN&amp;author=Eijndhoven%2CRE&amp;author=Vrieze%2CG&amp;author=Gr%C3%B6ne%2CA&amp;author=Verheije%2CMH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"9.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR9\">Feng K, Chen T, Zhang X, Shao G, Cao Y, Chen D, Lin W, Chen F, Xie Q. Molecular characteristic and pathogenicity analysis of a virulent recombinant avian infectious bronchitis virus isolated in China. Poult Sci. 2018;97:3519\u201331.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3382\/ps\/pey237\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3382\/ps\/pey237\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3382%2Fps%2Fpey237\" aria-label=\"Article reference 9\" data-doi=\"10.3382\/ps\/pey237\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC1MXhtlKmsr7I\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 9\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=29917155\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 9\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 9\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Molecular%20characteristic%20and%20pathogenicity%20analysis%20of%20a%20virulent%20recombinant%20avian%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20isolated%20in%20China&amp;journal=Poult%20Sci&amp;doi=10.3382%2Fps%2Fpey237&amp;volume=97&amp;pages=3519-3531&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Feng%2CK&amp;author=Chen%2CT&amp;author=Zhang%2CX&amp;author=Shao%2CG&amp;author=Cao%2CY&amp;author=Chen%2CD&amp;author=Lin%2CW&amp;author=Chen%2CF&amp;author=Xie%2CQ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"10.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR10\">Laconi A, van Beurden SJ, Berends AJ, Kr\u00e4mer-K\u00fchl A, Jansen CA, Spekreijse D, Ch\u00e9nard G, Philipp H-C, Mundt E, Rottier PJ. Deletion of accessory genes 3a, 3b, 5a or 5b from Avian coronavirus infectious bronchitis virus induces an attenuated phenotype both in vitro and in vivo. J Gen Virol. 2018;99:1381.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1099\/jgv.0.001130\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1099\/jgv.0.001130\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099%2Fjgv.0.001130\" aria-label=\"Article reference 10\" data-doi=\"10.1099\/jgv.0.001130\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC1MXhtVaht7vL\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 10\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=30067172\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 10\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7079694\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 10\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 10\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Deletion%20of%20accessory%20genes%203a%2C%203b%2C%205a%20or%205b%20from%20Avian%20coronavirus%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20induces%20an%20attenuated%20phenotype%20both%20in%20vitro%20and%20in%20vivo&amp;journal=J%20Gen%20Virol&amp;doi=10.1099%2Fjgv.0.001130&amp;volume=99&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Laconi%2CA&amp;author=Beurden%2CSJ&amp;author=Berends%2CAJ&amp;author=Kr%C3%A4mer-K%C3%BChl%2CA&amp;author=Jansen%2CCA&amp;author=Spekreijse%2CD&amp;author=Ch%C3%A9nard%2CG&amp;author=Philipp%2CH-C&amp;author=Mundt%2CE&amp;author=Rottier%2CPJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"11.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR11\">Gelb J Jr, Weisman Y, Ladman BS, Meir R. S1 gene characteristics and efficacy of vaccination against infectious bronchitis virus field isolates from the United States and Israel (1996\u20132000). Avian Pathol. 2005;34:194\u2013203.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1080\/03079450500096539\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1080\/03079450500096539\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080%2F03079450500096539\" aria-label=\"Article reference 11\" data-doi=\"10.1080\/03079450500096539\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2MXkslSrtrY%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 11\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=16191702\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 11\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 11\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=S1%20gene%20characteristics%20and%20efficacy%20of%20vaccination%20against%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20field%20isolates%20from%20the%20United%20States%20and%20Israel%20%281996%E2%80%932000%29&amp;journal=Avian%20Pathol&amp;doi=10.1080%2F03079450500096539&amp;volume=34&amp;pages=194-203&amp;publication_year=2005&amp;author=Gelb%2CJ&amp;author=Weisman%2CY&amp;author=Ladman%2CBS&amp;author=Meir%2CR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"12.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR12\">Belouzard S, Millet JK, Licitra BN, Whittaker GR. Mechanisms of coronavirus cell entry mediated by the viral spike protein. Viruses. 2012;4:1011\u201333.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3390\/v4061011\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3390\/v4061011\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Fv4061011\" aria-label=\"Article reference 12\" data-doi=\"10.3390\/v4061011\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38XpvFyltrk%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 12\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=22816037\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 12\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3397359\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 12\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 12\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Mechanisms%20of%20coronavirus%20cell%20entry%20mediated%20by%20the%20viral%20spike%20protein&amp;journal=Viruses&amp;doi=10.3390%2Fv4061011&amp;volume=4&amp;pages=1011-1033&amp;publication_year=2012&amp;author=Belouzard%2CS&amp;author=Millet%2CJK&amp;author=Licitra%2CBN&amp;author=Whittaker%2CGR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"13.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR13\">Legnardi M, Tucciarone CM, Franzo G, Cecchinato M. Infectious Bronchitis Virus evolution, diagnosis and control. Vet Sci. 2020;7:79.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=32580381\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 13\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7356646\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 13\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 13\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Infectious%20Bronchitis%20Virus%20evolution%2C%20diagnosis%20and%20control&amp;journal=Vet%20Sci&amp;volume=7&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Legnardi%2CM&amp;author=Tucciarone%2CCM&amp;author=Franzo%2CG&amp;author=Cecchinato%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"14.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR14\">Abolnik C. Genomic and single nucleotide polymorphism analysis of infectious bronchitis coronavirus. Infect Genet Evol. 2015;32:416\u201324.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.meegid.2015.03.033\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.meegid.2015.03.033\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.meegid.2015.03.033\" aria-label=\"Article reference 14\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.meegid.2015.03.033\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2MXmsVert74%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 14\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=25843648\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 14\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7106318\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 14\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 14\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Genomic%20and%20single%20nucleotide%20polymorphism%20analysis%20of%20infectious%20bronchitis%20coronavirus&amp;journal=Infect%20Genet%20Evol&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.meegid.2015.03.033&amp;volume=32&amp;pages=416-424&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Abolnik%2CC\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"15.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR15\">Bande F, Arshad SS, Omar AR, Hair-Bejo M, Mahmuda A, Nair V. Global distributions and strain diversity of avian infectious bronchitis virus: a review. Anim Health Res Rev. 2017;18:70\u201383.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1017\/S1466252317000044\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1017\/S1466252317000044\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017%2FS1466252317000044\" aria-label=\"Article reference 15\" data-doi=\"10.1017\/S1466252317000044\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=28776490\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 15\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 15\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Global%20distributions%20and%20strain%20diversity%20of%20avian%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%3A%20a%20review&amp;journal=Anim%20Health%20Res%20Rev&amp;doi=10.1017%2FS1466252317000044&amp;volume=18&amp;pages=70-83&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Bande%2CF&amp;author=Arshad%2CSS&amp;author=Omar%2CAR&amp;author=Hair-Bejo%2CM&amp;author=Mahmuda%2CA&amp;author=Nair%2CV\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"16.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR16\">Ren M, Zhang L, Hou Y, Zhao Y, Han Z, Sun J, Liu S. Genetic, antigenic, and pathogenic characteristics of infectious bronchitis virus GI-7\/TW-II in China. Avian Dis. 2020;64:183\u201396.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1637\/0005-2086-64.2.183\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1637\/0005-2086-64.2.183\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1637%2F0005-2086-64.2.183\" aria-label=\"Article reference 16\" data-doi=\"10.1637\/0005-2086-64.2.183\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=32550619\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 16\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 16\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Genetic%2C%20antigenic%2C%20and%20pathogenic%20characteristics%20of%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20GI-7%2FTW-II%20in%20China&amp;journal=Avian%20Dis&amp;doi=10.1637%2F0005-2086-64.2.183&amp;volume=64&amp;pages=183-196&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Ren%2CM&amp;author=Zhang%2CL&amp;author=Hou%2CY&amp;author=Zhao%2CY&amp;author=Han%2CZ&amp;author=Sun%2CJ&amp;author=Liu%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"17.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR17\">Saadat Y, Bozorgmehri Fard MH, Charkhkar S, Hosseini H, Shaikhi N. Molecular characterization of infectious bronchitis viruses isolated from broiler flocks in Bushehr province, Iran: 2014\u20132015. Vet Res Forum. 2017;8:195\u2013201.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=29085606\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 17\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5653882\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 17\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 17\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Molecular%20characterization%20of%20infectious%20bronchitis%20viruses%20isolated%20from%20broiler%20flocks%20in%20Bushehr%20province%2C%20Iran%3A%202014%E2%80%932015&amp;journal=Vet%20Res%20Forum&amp;volume=8&amp;pages=195-201&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Saadat%2CY&amp;author=Bozorgmehri%20Fard%2CMH&amp;author=Charkhkar%2CS&amp;author=Hosseini%2CH&amp;author=Shaikhi%2CN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"18.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR18\">Feng K, Wang F, Xue Y, Zhou Q, Chen F, Bi Y, Xie Q. Epidemiology and characterization of avian infectious bronchitis virus strains circulating in southern China during the period from 2013\u20132015. Sci Rep. 2017;7:6576.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41598-017-06987-2\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41598-017-06987-2\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41598-017-06987-2\" aria-label=\"Article reference 18\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41598-017-06987-2\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=28747730\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 18\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5529424\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 18\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 18\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Epidemiology%20and%20characterization%20of%20avian%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20strains%20circulating%20in%20southern%20China%20during%20the%20period%20from%202013%E2%80%932015&amp;journal=Sci%20Rep&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41598-017-06987-2&amp;volume=7&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Feng%2CK&amp;author=Wang%2CF&amp;author=Xue%2CY&amp;author=Zhou%2CQ&amp;author=Chen%2CF&amp;author=Bi%2CY&amp;author=Xie%2CQ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"19.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR19\">Ennaji Y, Khataby K, Ennaji MM. Infectious bronchitis virus in poultry: molecular epidemiology and factors leading to the emergence and reemergence of novel strains of infectious bronchitis virus. In: Ennaji MM, editor. Emerging and reemerging viral pathogens. Amsterdam: Academic Press Elsevier Inc; 2020. p. 31\u201344.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/B978-0-12-814966-9.00003-2\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/B978-0-12-814966-9.00003-2\" data-track-value=\"chapter reference\" data-track-action=\"chapter reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2FB978-0-12-814966-9.00003-2\" aria-label=\"Chapter reference 19\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/B978-0-12-814966-9.00003-2\" target=\"_blank\">Chapter<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 19\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20in%20poultry%3A%20molecular%20epidemiology%20and%20factors%20leading%20to%20the%20emergence%20and%20reemergence%20of%20novel%20strains%20of%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus&amp;doi=10.1016%2FB978-0-12-814966-9.00003-2&amp;pages=31-44&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Ennaji%2CY&amp;author=Khataby%2CK&amp;author=Ennaji%2CMM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"20.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR20\">Jiang L, Han Z, Chen Y, Zhao W, Sun J, Zhao Y, Liu S. Characterization of the complete genome, antigenicity, pathogenicity, tissue tropism, and shedding of a recombinant avian infectious bronchitis virus with a ck\/CH\/LJL\/140901-like backbone and an S2 fragment from a 4\/91-like virus. Virus Res. 2018;244:99\u2013109.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.virusres.2017.11.007\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.virusres.2017.11.007\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.virusres.2017.11.007\" aria-label=\"Article reference 20\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.virusres.2017.11.007\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXhvVWksbbE\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 20\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=29141204\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 20\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 20\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Characterization%20of%20the%20complete%20genome%2C%20antigenicity%2C%20pathogenicity%2C%20tissue%20tropism%2C%20and%20shedding%20of%20a%20recombinant%20avian%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20with%20a%20ck%2FCH%2FLJL%2F140901-like%20backbone%20and%20an%20S2%20fragment%20from%20a%204%2F91-like%20virus&amp;journal=Virus%20Res&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.virusres.2017.11.007&amp;volume=244&amp;pages=99-109&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Jiang%2CL&amp;author=Han%2CZ&amp;author=Chen%2CY&amp;author=Zhao%2CW&amp;author=Sun%2CJ&amp;author=Zhao%2CY&amp;author=Liu%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"21.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR21\">Houta MH, Hassan KE, El-Sawah AA, Elkady MF, Kilany WH, Ali A, Abdel-Moneim AS. a. The emergence, evolution and spread of infectious bronchitis virus genotype GI-23. Adv Virol. 2021;166:9\u201326.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3MXpsVSjtw%3D%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 21\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 21\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=a.%20The%20emergence%2C%20evolution%20and%20spread%20of%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20genotype%20GI-23&amp;journal=Adv%20Virol&amp;volume=166&amp;pages=9-26&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Houta%2CMH&amp;author=Hassan%2CKE&amp;author=El-Sawah%2CAA&amp;author=Elkady%2CMF&amp;author=Kilany%2CWH&amp;author=Ali%2CA&amp;author=Abdel-Moneim%2CAS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"22.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR22\">Saleem W, Vereecke N, Zaman MG, Afzal F, Reman I, Khan SU, Nauwynck H. Genotyping and phylogeography of infectious bronchitis virus isolates from Pakistan show unique linkage to GI-24 lineage. Poult Sci. 2024;103(1): 103236.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103236\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103236\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.psj.2023.103236\" aria-label=\"Article reference 22\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.103236\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3sXisFSntbjJ\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 22\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=37980750\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 22\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 22\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Genotyping%20and%20phylogeography%20of%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20isolates%20from%20Pakistan%20show%20unique%20linkage%20to%20GI-24%20lineage&amp;journal=Poult%20Sci&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.psj.2023.103236&amp;volume=103&amp;issue=1&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Saleem%2CW&amp;author=Vereecke%2CN&amp;author=Zaman%2CMG&amp;author=Afzal%2CF&amp;author=Reman%2CI&amp;author=Khan%2CSU&amp;author=Nauwynck%2CH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"23.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR23\">Chen Y, Jiang L, Zhao W, Liu L, Zhao Y, Shao Y, Li H, Han Z, Liu S. Identification and molecular characterization of a novel serotype infectious bronchitis virus (GI-28) in China. Vet Microbiol. 2017;198:108\u201315.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2016.12.017\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2016.12.017\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.vetmic.2016.12.017\" aria-label=\"Article reference 23\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2016.12.017\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XitFKrt7nO\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 23\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=28062000\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 23\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 23\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Identification%20and%20molecular%20characterization%20of%20a%20novel%20serotype%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20%28GI-28%29%20in%20China&amp;journal=Vet%20Microbiol&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.vetmic.2016.12.017&amp;volume=198&amp;pages=108-115&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Chen%2CY&amp;author=Jiang%2CL&amp;author=Zhao%2CW&amp;author=Liu%2CL&amp;author=Zhao%2CY&amp;author=Shao%2CY&amp;author=Li%2CH&amp;author=Han%2CZ&amp;author=Liu%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"24.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR24\">Parvin R, Begum JA, Nooruzzaman M, Kabiraj CK, Chowdhury EH. Circulation of three genotypes and identification of unique mutations in neutralizing epitopes of infectious bronchitis virus in chickens in Bangladesh. Adv Virol. 2021;166(11):3093\u2013103.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3MXhvFGlt77F\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 24\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 24\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Circulation%20of%20three%20genotypes%20and%20identification%20of%20unique%20mutations%20in%20neutralizing%20epitopes%20of%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20in%20chickens%20in%20Bangladesh&amp;journal=Adv%20Virol&amp;volume=166&amp;issue=11&amp;pages=3093-3103&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Parvin%2CR&amp;author=Begum%2CJA&amp;author=Nooruzzaman%2CM&amp;author=Kabiraj%2CCK&amp;author=Chowdhury%2CEH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"25.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR25\">Ikuta N, Fonseca ASK, Fernando FS, Filho TF, Martins NRDS, Lunge VR. Emergence and molecular characterization of the avian infectious bronchitis virus GI-23 in commercial broiler farms from South America. Transbound Emerg Dis. 2022;69:3167\u201372.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/tbed.14724\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/tbed.14724\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Ftbed.14724\" aria-label=\"Article reference 25\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/tbed.14724\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB38XislSht7zL\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 25\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=36197069\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 25\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 25\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Emergence%20and%20molecular%20characterization%20of%20the%20avian%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20GI-23%20in%20commercial%20broiler%20farms%20from%20South%20America&amp;journal=Transbound%20Emerg%20Dis&amp;doi=10.1111%2Ftbed.14724&amp;volume=69&amp;pages=3167-3172&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Ikuta%2CN&amp;author=Fonseca%2CASK&amp;author=Fernando%2CFS&amp;author=Filho%2CTF&amp;author=Martins%2CNRDS&amp;author=Lunge%2CVR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"26.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR26\">Abd El Rahman S, Hoffmann M, Lueschow D, Eladl A-F, Hafez HM. Isolation and characterization of new variant strains of infectious bronchitis virus in northern Egypt. Adv Anim Vet Sci. 2015;3(7):362\u201371.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.14737\/journal.aavs\/2015\/3.7.362.371\" data-track-item_id=\"10.14737\/journal.aavs\/2015\/3.7.362.371\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.14737%2Fjournal.aavs%2F2015%2F3.7.362.371\" aria-label=\"Article reference 26\" data-doi=\"10.14737\/journal.aavs\/2015\/3.7.362.371\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 26\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Isolation%20and%20characterization%20of%20new%20variant%20strains%20of%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20in%20northern%20Egypt&amp;journal=Adv%20Anim%20Vet%20Sci&amp;doi=10.14737%2Fjournal.aavs%2F2015%2F3.7.362.371&amp;volume=3&amp;issue=7&amp;pages=362-371&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Abd%20El%20Rahman%2CS&amp;author=Hoffmann%2CM&amp;author=Lueschow%2CD&amp;author=Eladl%2CA-F&amp;author=Hafez%2CHM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"27.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR27\">Zanaty A, Arafa AS, Hagag N, El-Kady M. Genotyping and pathotyping of diversified strains of infectious bronchitis viruses circulating in Egypt. World J Virol. 2016;5(3):125\u201334.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.5501\/wjv.v5.i3.125\" data-track-item_id=\"10.5501\/wjv.v5.i3.125\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5501%2Fwjv.v5.i3.125\" aria-label=\"Article reference 27\" data-doi=\"10.5501\/wjv.v5.i3.125\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=27563538\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 27\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4981825\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 27\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 27\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Genotyping%20and%20pathotyping%20of%20diversified%20strains%20of%20infectious%20bronchitis%20viruses%20circulating%20in%20Egypt&amp;journal=World%20J%20Virol&amp;doi=10.5501%2Fwjv.v5.i3.125&amp;volume=5&amp;issue=3&amp;pages=125-134&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Zanaty%2CA&amp;author=Arafa%2CAS&amp;author=Hagag%2CN&amp;author=El-Kady%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"28.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR28\">Zanaty A, Naguib MM, El-Husseiny MH, Mady W, Hagag N, Arafa AS. b. The sequence of the full spike S1 glycoprotein of infectious bronchitis virus circulating in Egypt reveals evidence of intra-genotypic recombination. Adv Virol. 2016;161:3583\u20134358.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XhsVyjsr3N\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 28\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 28\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=b.%20The%20sequence%20of%20the%20full%20spike%20S1%20glycoprotein%20of%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20circulating%20in%20Egypt%20reveals%20evidence%20of%20intra-genotypic%20recombination&amp;journal=Adv%20Virol&amp;volume=161&amp;pages=3583-4358&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Zanaty%2CA&amp;author=Naguib%2CMM&amp;author=El-Husseiny%2CMH&amp;author=Mady%2CW&amp;author=Hagag%2CN&amp;author=Arafa%2CAS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"29.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR29\">Setta AH, Salem M, Elhady M, El-Hussieny A, Arafa AS. Molecular and genetic characterization of Infectious Bronchitis Viruses isolated from commercial chicken flocks in Egypt between 2014 and 2016. J World\u2019s Poult Res. 2018;8(1):01\u20138.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 29\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Molecular%20and%20genetic%20characterization%20of%20Infectious%20Bronchitis%20Viruses%20isolated%20from%20commercial%20chicken%20flocks%20in%20Egypt%20between%202014%20and%202016&amp;journal=J%20World%27s%20Poult%20Res&amp;volume=8&amp;issue=1&amp;pages=01-08&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Setta%2CAH&amp;author=Salem%2CM&amp;author=Elhady%2CM&amp;author=El-Hussieny%2CA&amp;author=Arafa%2CAS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"30.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR30\">Moharam I, Sultan H, Hassan K, Ibrahim M, Shany S, Shehata AA, Abo-ElKhair M, Pfaff F, H\u00f6per D, Kady ME. Emerging Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV) in Egypt: evidence for an evolutionary advantage of a new S1 variant with a unique gene 3ab constellation. Infect Genet Evol. 2020;85: 104433.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.meegid.2020.104433\" aria-label=\"Article reference 30\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.meegid.2020.104433\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXhtl2qsr%2FJ\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 30\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=32622080\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 30\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7327463\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 30\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 30\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Emerging%20Infectious%20Bronchitis%20Virus%20%28IBV%29%20in%20Egypt%3A%20evidence%20for%20an%20evolutionary%20advantage%20of%20a%20new%20S1%20variant%20with%20a%20unique%20gene%203ab%20constellation&amp;journal=Infect%20Genet%20Evol&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.meegid.2020.104433&amp;volume=85&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Moharam%2CI&amp;author=Sultan%2CH&amp;author=Hassan%2CK&amp;author=Ibrahim%2CM&amp;author=Shany%2CS&amp;author=Shehata%2CAA&amp;author=Abo-ElKhair%2CM&amp;author=Pfaff%2CF&amp;author=H%C3%B6per%2CD&amp;author=Kady%2CME\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"31.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR31\">Sabra M, Abdellatif W, Ahmed AI, Osman N. Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of full-length S1 gene of GI16 and GI-23 infectious bronchitis virus in Qena. Egypt J World\u2019s Poult Res. 2020;10(1):71\u201380.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.36380\/jwpr.2020.10\" data-track-item_id=\"10.36380\/jwpr.2020.10\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36380%2Fjwpr.2020.10\" aria-label=\"Article reference 31\" data-doi=\"10.36380\/jwpr.2020.10\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 31\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Molecular%20characterization%20and%20phylogenetic%20analysis%20of%20full-length%20S1%20gene%20of%20GI16%20and%20GI-23%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20in%20Qena&amp;journal=Egypt%20J%20World%27s%20Poult%20Res&amp;doi=10.36380%2Fjwpr.2020.10&amp;volume=10&amp;issue=1&amp;pages=71-80&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Sabra%2CM&amp;author=Abdellatif%2CW&amp;author=Ahmed%2CAI&amp;author=Osman%2CN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"32.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR32\">Sallam H, Rady MM, Mosaad Z, Saleh MM, Yonis AE, Zanaty AM. Phylogenetic analysis of avian infectious bronchitis virus circulating in Egypt during 2021\u20132022. Egypt J Anim Health. 2023;2:11\u201321.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 32\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Phylogenetic%20analysis%20of%20avian%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20circulating%20in%20Egypt%20during%202021%E2%80%932022&amp;journal=Egypt%20J%20Anim%20Health&amp;volume=2&amp;pages=11-21&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Sallam%2CH&amp;author=Rady%2CMM&amp;author=Mosaad%2CZ&amp;author=Saleh%2CMM&amp;author=Yonis%2CAE&amp;author=Zanaty%2CAM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"33.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR33\">Amer S-M, Ahmed HM, Maatouq AM. Molecular genotyping and pathogenicity study for avian infectious bronchitis virus currently epidemic in chicken flocks in North Egypt during 2021 Egypt. J Vet Sci. 2024;55(1):223\u201332.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 33\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Molecular%20genotyping%20and%20pathogenicity%20study%20for%20avian%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20currently%20epidemic%20in%20chicken%20flocks%20in%20North%20Egypt%20during%202021%20Egypt&amp;journal=J%20Vet%20Sci&amp;volume=55&amp;issue=1&amp;pages=223-232&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Amer%2CS-M&amp;author=Ahmed%2CHM&amp;author=Maatouq%2CAM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"34.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR34\">Abdel-Moneim AS, Madbouly HM, Gelb J, Ladman BS. Isolation and identification of Egypt\/Beni-Suef\/01 a novel genotype of infectious bronchitis virus. J Vet Med. 2002;50:1065\u201378.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3sXltlGhtrg%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 34\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 34\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Isolation%20and%20identification%20of%20Egypt%2FBeni-Suef%2F01%20a%20novel%20genotype%20of%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus&amp;journal=J%20Vet%20Med&amp;volume=50&amp;pages=1065-1078&amp;publication_year=2002&amp;author=Abdel-Moneim%2CAS&amp;author=Madbouly%2CHM&amp;author=Gelb%2CJ&amp;author=Ladman%2CBS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"35.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR35\">Abdel-Moneim AS, Afifi MA, El-Kady MF. Emergence of a novel genotype of avian infectious bronchitis virus in Egypt. Adv Virol. 2012;157:2453\u20137.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC38Xhslanu7vN\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 35\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 35\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Emergence%20of%20a%20novel%20genotype%20of%20avian%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20in%20Egypt&amp;journal=Adv%20Virol&amp;volume=157&amp;pages=2453-2457&amp;publication_year=2012&amp;author=Abdel-Moneim%2CAS&amp;author=Afifi%2CMA&amp;author=El-Kady%2CMF\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"36.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR36\">Valastro V, Holmes EC, Britton P, Fusaro A, Jackwood MW, Cattoli G, Monne I. S1 gene-based phylogeny of infectious bronchitis virus: an attempt to harmonize virus classification. Infect Genet Evol. 2016;39:349\u201364.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.meegid.2016.02.015\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.meegid.2016.02.015\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.meegid.2016.02.015\" aria-label=\"Article reference 36\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.meegid.2016.02.015\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=26883378\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 36\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7172980\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 36\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 36\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=S1%20gene-based%20phylogeny%20of%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%3A%20an%20attempt%20to%20harmonize%20virus%20classification&amp;journal=Infect%20Genet%20Evol&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.meegid.2016.02.015&amp;volume=39&amp;pages=349-364&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Valastro%2CV&amp;author=Holmes%2CEC&amp;author=Britton%2CP&amp;author=Fusaro%2CA&amp;author=Jackwood%2CMW&amp;author=Cattoli%2CG&amp;author=Monne%2CI\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"37.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR37\">Rohaim MA, El Naggar RF, Hamoud MM, Bazid AI, Gamal AM, Laban SE, Abdel-Sabour MA, Nasr SAE, Zaki MM, Shabbir MZ, Zahran OK, Munir M. Emergence and genetic analysis of variant pathogenic 4\/91 (serotype 793\/B) infectious bronchitis virus in Egypt during. Virus Genes. 2019;55:720\u20135.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1007\/s11262-019-01693-9\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1007\/s11262-019-01693-9\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s11262-019-01693-9\" aria-label=\"Article reference 37\" data-doi=\"10.1007\/s11262-019-01693-9\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC1MXhsFemu7rM\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 37\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=31372921\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 37\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7088710\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 37\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 37\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Emergence%20and%20genetic%20analysis%20of%20variant%20pathogenic%204%2F91%20%28serotype%20793%2FB%29%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20in%20Egypt%20during&amp;journal=Virus%20Genes&amp;doi=10.1007%2Fs11262-019-01693-9&amp;volume=55&amp;pages=720-725&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Rohaim%2CMA&amp;author=Naggar%2CRF&amp;author=Hamoud%2CMM&amp;author=Bazid%2CAI&amp;author=Gamal%2CAM&amp;author=Laban%2CSE&amp;author=Abdel-Sabour%2CMA&amp;author=Nasr%2CSAE&amp;author=Zaki%2CMM&amp;author=Shabbir%2CMZ&amp;author=Zahran%2COK&amp;author=Munir%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"38.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR38\">Abdel-Sabour MA, Al-Ebshahy EM, Khaliel SA, Abdel-Wanis NA, Yanai T. Isolation and molecular characterization of novel infectious bronchitis virus variants from vaccinated broiler flocks in Egypt. Avian Dis. 2017;61(3):307\u201310.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1637\/11566-121516-RegR\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1637\/11566-121516-RegR\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1637%2F11566-121516-RegR\" aria-label=\"Article reference 38\" data-doi=\"10.1637\/11566-121516-RegR\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=28957013\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 38\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 38\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Isolation%20and%20molecular%20characterization%20of%20novel%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20variants%20from%20vaccinated%20broiler%20flocks%20in%20Egypt&amp;journal=Avian%20Dis&amp;doi=10.1637%2F11566-121516-RegR&amp;volume=61&amp;issue=3&amp;pages=307-310&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Abdel-Sabour%2CMA&amp;author=Al-Ebshahy%2CEM&amp;author=Khaliel%2CSA&amp;author=Abdel-Wanis%2CNA&amp;author=Yanai%2CT\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"39.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR39\">Amin OG, Valastro V, Salviato A, Drago A, Cattoli G, Monne I. Circulation of qx-like infectious bronchitis virus in the middle east. Vet Rec. 2012;171:530.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1136\/vr.100896\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1136\/vr.100896\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1136%2Fvr.100896\" aria-label=\"Article reference 39\" data-doi=\"10.1136\/vr.100896\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:STN:280:DC%2BC3s%2FjtFWitA%3D%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 39\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=23042850\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 39\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 39\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Circulation%20of%20qx-like%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20in%20the%20middle%20east&amp;journal=Vet%20Rec&amp;doi=10.1136%2Fvr.100896&amp;volume=171&amp;publication_year=2012&amp;author=Amin%2COG&amp;author=Valastro%2CV&amp;author=Salviato%2CA&amp;author=Drago%2CA&amp;author=Cattoli%2CG&amp;author=Monne%2CI\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"40.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR40\">Da Silva AP, Jude R, Gallardo RA. Infectious bronchitis virus: a comprehensive multilocus genomic analysis to compare DMV\/1639 and QX strains. Viruses. 2022;14(1\u201312):1998.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3390\/v14091998\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3390\/v14091998\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Fv14091998\" aria-label=\"Article reference 40\" data-doi=\"10.3390\/v14091998\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=36146804\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 40\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9506221\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 40\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 40\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%3A%20a%20comprehensive%20multilocus%20genomic%20analysis%20to%20compare%20DMV%2F1639%20and%20QX%20strains&amp;journal=Viruses&amp;doi=10.3390%2Fv14091998&amp;volume=14&amp;issue=1%E2%80%9312&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Silva%2CAP&amp;author=Jude%2CR&amp;author=Gallardo%2CRA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"41.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR41\">Ducatez MF, Martin AM, Owoade AA, Olatoye IO, Alkali BR, Maikano I, Snoeck CJ, Sausy A, Cordioli P, Muller CP. Characterization of a new genotype and serotype of infectious bronchitis virus in western Africa. J Gen Virol. 2009;90:2679\u201385.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1099\/vir.0.012476-0\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1099\/vir.0.012476-0\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1099%2Fvir.0.012476-0\" aria-label=\"Article reference 41\" data-doi=\"10.1099\/vir.0.012476-0\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhtl2qtLnN\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 41\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=19625463\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 41\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 41\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Characterization%20of%20a%20new%20genotype%20and%20serotype%20of%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20in%20western%20Africa&amp;journal=J%20Gen%20Virol&amp;doi=10.1099%2Fvir.0.012476-0&amp;volume=90&amp;pages=2679-2685&amp;publication_year=2009&amp;author=Ducatez%2CMF&amp;author=Martin%2CAM&amp;author=Owoade%2CAA&amp;author=Olatoye%2CIO&amp;author=Alkali%2CBR&amp;author=Maikano%2CI&amp;author=Snoeck%2CCJ&amp;author=Sausy%2CA&amp;author=Cordioli%2CP&amp;author=Muller%2CCP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"42.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR42\">Jiang Y, Cheng X, Zhao X, Yu Y, Gao M, Zhou S. Recombinant infectious bronchitis coronavirus H120 with the spike protein S1 gene of the nephropathogenic IBYZ strain remains attenuated but induces protective immunity. Vaccine. 2020;38:3157\u201368.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2020.01.001\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2020.01.001\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.vaccine.2020.01.001\" aria-label=\"Article reference 42\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2020.01.001\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXjtVantbs%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 42\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=32057575\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 42\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7115396\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 42\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 42\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Recombinant%20infectious%20bronchitis%20coronavirus%20H120%20with%20the%20spike%20protein%20S1%20gene%20of%20the%20nephropathogenic%20IBYZ%20strain%20remains%20attenuated%20but%20induces%20protective%20immunity&amp;journal=Vaccine&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.vaccine.2020.01.001&amp;volume=38&amp;pages=3157-3168&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Jiang%2CY&amp;author=Cheng%2CX&amp;author=Zhao%2CX&amp;author=Yu%2CY&amp;author=Gao%2CM&amp;author=Zhou%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"43.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR43\">Lee HC, Jeong S, Cho AY, Kim KJ, Kim JY, Park DH. Genomic analysis of avian infectious bronchitis viruses recently isolated in South Korea reveals multiple introductions of GI-19 Lineage (QX Genotype). Viruses. 2021;13:1045.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3390\/v13061045\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3390\/v13061045\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Fv13061045\" aria-label=\"Article reference 43\" data-doi=\"10.3390\/v13061045\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3MXitFWmu7bN\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 43\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=34072981\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 43\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8228071\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 43\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 43\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Genomic%20analysis%20of%20avian%20infectious%20bronchitis%20viruses%20recently%20isolated%20in%20South%20Korea%20reveals%20multiple%20introductions%20of%20GI-19%20Lineage%20%28QX%20Genotype%29&amp;journal=Viruses&amp;doi=10.3390%2Fv13061045&amp;volume=13&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Lee%2CHC&amp;author=Jeong%2CS&amp;author=Cho%2CAY&amp;author=Kim%2CKJ&amp;author=Kim%2CJY&amp;author=Park%2CDH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"44.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR44\">OIE Terrestrial Manual (2018). Avian infectious bronchitis (IB). In Manual of diagnostic tests and vaccines for terrestrial animals, 6th ed.; Office International des Epizooties: Paris, France, Chapter 2.3.2: 443\u2013455.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"45.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR45\">Meir R, Maharat O, Farnushi Y, Simanov L. Development of a real-time TaqMant RT-PCR assay for the detection of infectious bronchitis virus in chickens, and comparison of RT-PCR and virus isolation. J Virol Methods. 2010;163(2):190\u20134.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2009.09.014\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2009.09.014\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.jviromet.2009.09.014\" aria-label=\"Article reference 45\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2009.09.014\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXjtlensg%3D%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 45\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=19781572\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 45\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 45\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Development%20of%20a%20real-time%20TaqMant%20RT-PCR%20assay%20for%20the%20detection%20of%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20in%20chickens%2C%20and%20comparison%20of%20RT-PCR%20and%20virus%20isolation&amp;journal=J%20Virol%20Methods&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.jviromet.2009.09.014&amp;volume=163&amp;issue=2&amp;pages=190-194&amp;publication_year=2010&amp;author=Meir%2CR&amp;author=Maharat%2CO&amp;author=Farnushi%2CY&amp;author=Simanov%2CL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"46.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR46\">Kumar S, Stecher G, Tamura K. MEGA7: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets. Mol Biol Evol. 2016;33:1870\u20134.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/molbev\/msw054\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/molbev\/msw054\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fmolbev%2Fmsw054\" aria-label=\"Article reference 46\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/molbev\/msw054\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XhsF2ltrzN\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 46\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=27004904\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 46\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8210823\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 46\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 46\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=MEGA7%3A%20molecular%20evolutionary%20genetics%20analysis%20version%207.0%20for%20bigger%20datasets&amp;journal=Mol%20Biol%20Evol&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fmolbev%2Fmsw054&amp;volume=33&amp;pages=1870-1874&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Kumar%2CS&amp;author=Stecher%2CG&amp;author=Tamura%2CK\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"47.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR47\">Tamura K, Stecher G, Peterson D, Filipski A, Kumar S. Mol Biol Evol. 2013;30:2725\u20139.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/molbev\/mst197\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/molbev\/mst197\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fmolbev%2Fmst197\" aria-label=\"Article reference 47\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/molbev\/mst197\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXhvVKhurzP\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 47\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=24132122\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 47\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC3840312\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 47\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 47\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=&amp;journal=Mol%20Biol%20Evol&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fmolbev%2Fmst197&amp;volume=30&amp;pages=2725-2729&amp;publication_year=2013&amp;author=Tamura%2CK&amp;author=Stecher%2CG&amp;author=Peterson%2CD&amp;author=Filipski%2CA&amp;author=Kumar%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"48.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR48\">Naguib MM, El-Kady MF, L\u00fcschow D, Hassan KE, Arafa AS, El-Zanaty A, Hassan MK, Hafez HM, Grund C, Harder TC. New real time and conventional RT-PCRs for updated molecular diagnosis of infectious bronchitis virus infection (IBV) in chickens in Egypt associated with frequent co-infections with avian influenza and Newcastle disease viruses. J Virol Methods. 2017;245:19\u201327.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2017.02.018\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2017.02.018\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.jviromet.2017.02.018\" aria-label=\"Article reference 48\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2017.02.018\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXlt1Cgsbc%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 48\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=28336367\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 48\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7113857\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 48\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 48\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=New%20real%20time%20and%20conventional%20RT-PCRs%20for%20updated%20molecular%20diagnosis%20of%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20infection%20%28IBV%29%20in%20chickens%20in%20Egypt%20associated%20with%20frequent%20co-infections%20with%20avian%20influenza%20and%20Newcastle%20disease%20viruses&amp;journal=J%20Virol%20Methods&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.jviromet.2017.02.018&amp;volume=245&amp;pages=19-27&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Naguib%2CMM&amp;author=El-Kady%2CMF&amp;author=L%C3%BCschow%2CD&amp;author=Hassan%2CKE&amp;author=Arafa%2CAS&amp;author=El-Zanaty%2CA&amp;author=Hassan%2CMK&amp;author=Hafez%2CHM&amp;author=Grund%2CC&amp;author=Harder%2CTC\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"49.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR49\">Abozeid HH, Paldurai A, Khattar SK, Afifi MA, El-Kady MF, El-Deeb AH, Samal SK. Complete genome sequences of two avian infectious bronchitis viruses isolated in Egypt: evidence for genetic drift and genetic recombination in the circulating viruses. Infect Genet Evol. 2017;53:7\u201314.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.meegid.2017.05.006\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.meegid.2017.05.006\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.meegid.2017.05.006\" aria-label=\"Article reference 49\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.meegid.2017.05.006\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXns1aktbs%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 49\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=28495648\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 49\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 49\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Complete%20genome%20sequences%20of%20two%20avian%20infectious%20bronchitis%20viruses%20isolated%20in%20Egypt%3A%20evidence%20for%20genetic%20drift%20and%20genetic%20recombination%20in%20the%20circulating%20viruses&amp;journal=Infect%20Genet%20Evol&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.meegid.2017.05.006&amp;volume=53&amp;pages=7-14&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Abozeid%2CHH&amp;author=Paldurai%2CA&amp;author=Khattar%2CSK&amp;author=Afifi%2CMA&amp;author=El-Kady%2CMF&amp;author=El-Deeb%2CAH&amp;author=Samal%2CSK\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"50.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR50\">Waterhouse A, Bertoni M, Bienert S, Studer G, Tauriello G, Gumienny R, Heer FT, De Beer TAP, Rempfer CB. SWISS-MODEL: homology modelling of protein structures and complexes. Nucleic Acids Res. 2018;46:W296\u2013303.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/nar\/gky427\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/nar\/gky427\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fnar%2Fgky427\" aria-label=\"Article reference 50\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/nar\/gky427\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC1MXosVyru70%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 50\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=29788355\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 50\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6030848\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 50\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 50\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=SWISS-MODEL%3A%20homology%20modelling%20of%20protein%20structures%20and%20complexes&amp;journal=Nucleic%20Acids%20Res&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fnar%2Fgky427&amp;volume=46&amp;pages=W296-W303&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Waterhouse%2CA&amp;author=Bertoni%2CM&amp;author=Bienert%2CS&amp;author=Studer%2CG&amp;author=Tauriello%2CG&amp;author=Gumienny%2CR&amp;author=Heer%2CFT&amp;author=Beer%2CTAP&amp;author=Rempfer%2CCB\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"51.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR51\">Pettersen EF, Goddard TD, Huang CC, Couch GS, Greenblatt DM, Meng EC, Ferrin TE. UCSF chimera: a visualization system for exploratory research and analysis. J Comput Chem. 2004;25:1605\u201312.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1002\/jcc.20084\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1002\/jcc.20084\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002%2Fjcc.20084\" aria-label=\"Article reference 51\" data-doi=\"10.1002\/jcc.20084\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXmvVOhsbs%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 51\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=15264254\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 51\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 51\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=UCSF%20chimera%3A%20a%20visualization%20system%20for%20exploratory%20research%20and%20analysis&amp;journal=J%20Comput%20Chem&amp;doi=10.1002%2Fjcc.20084&amp;volume=25&amp;pages=1605-1612&amp;publication_year=2004&amp;author=Pettersen%2CEF&amp;author=Goddard%2CTD&amp;author=Huang%2CCC&amp;author=Couch%2CGS&amp;author=Greenblatt%2CDM&amp;author=Meng%2CEC&amp;author=Ferrin%2CTE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"52.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR52\">Martin DP, Murrell B, Golden M, Khoosal A, Muhire B. RDP4: detection and analysis of recombination patterns in virus genomes. Virus Evol. 2015. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ve\/vev003\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/ve\/vev003\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ve\/vev003<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/ve\/vev003\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/ve\/vev003\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fve%2Fvev003\" aria-label=\"Article reference 52\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/ve\/vev003\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=27774281\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 52\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC5014477\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 52\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 52\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=RDP4%3A%20detection%20and%20analysis%20of%20recombination%20patterns%20in%20virus%20genomes&amp;journal=Virus%20Evol&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fve%2Fvev003&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Martin%2CDP&amp;author=Murrell%2CB&amp;author=Golden%2CM&amp;author=Khoosal%2CA&amp;author=Muhire%2CB\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"53.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR53\">Kosakovsky SL, Wisotsky SR, Escalante A, Magalis BR, Weaver S. Contrast-FEL: a test for differences in selective pressures at individual sites among clades and sets of branches. Mol Biol Evol. 2021;38:1184\u201398.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/molbev\/msaa263\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/molbev\/msaa263\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fmolbev%2Fmsaa263\" aria-label=\"Article reference 53\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/molbev\/msaa263\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 53\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Contrast-FEL%3A%20a%20test%20for%20differences%20in%20selective%20pressures%20at%20individual%20sites%20among%20clades%20and%20sets%20of%20branches&amp;journal=Mol%20Biol%20Evol&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fmolbev%2Fmsaa263&amp;volume=38&amp;pages=1184-1198&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Kosakovsky%2CSL&amp;author=Wisotsky%2CSR&amp;author=Escalante%2CA&amp;author=Magalis%2CBR&amp;author=Weaver%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"54.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR54\">Badr H, AbdelMenamm Shosha E, Roshdy H, Abd El-Halem Mohammed A, Saad N, Mostafa Aboelenin S, Mohamed Soliman M, El-Tahan AM, El-Saadony MT, Yehia N. Investigation of many bacterial and viral infections circulating in pigeons showing nervous symptoms. Saudi J Biol Sci. 2022;29(4):2911\u201320.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2022.01.023\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2022.01.023\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.sjbs.2022.01.023\" aria-label=\"Article reference 54\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.sjbs.2022.01.023\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=35531168\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 54\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9073067\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 54\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 54\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Investigation%20of%20many%20bacterial%20and%20viral%20infections%20circulating%20in%20pigeons%20showing%20nervous%20symptoms&amp;journal=Saudi%20J%20Biol%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.sjbs.2022.01.023&amp;volume=29&amp;issue=4&amp;pages=2911-2920&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Badr%2CH&amp;author=AbdelMenamm%20Shosha%2CE&amp;author=Roshdy%2CH&amp;author=Abd%20El-Halem%20Mohammed%2CA&amp;author=Saad%2CN&amp;author=Mostafa%20Aboelenin%2CS&amp;author=Mohamed%20Soliman%2CM&amp;author=El-Tahan%2CAM&amp;author=El-Saadony%2CMT&amp;author=Yehia%2CN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"55.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR55\">Abodalal SESA, Hafez MShA, Abd El-Munem Shosha E, Warda FF, Hagag NM. Isolation and molecular characterization of rabbit haemorrhagic disease virus strains circulating in rabbit population using sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. J World Poult Res. 2021;11(3):302\u201311.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.36380\/jwpr.2021.36\" data-track-item_id=\"10.36380\/jwpr.2021.36\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.36380%2Fjwpr.2021.36\" aria-label=\"Article reference 55\" data-doi=\"10.36380\/jwpr.2021.36\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 55\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Isolation%20and%20molecular%20characterization%20of%20rabbit%20haemorrhagic%20disease%20virus%20strains%20circulating%20in%20rabbit%20population%20using%20sequencing%20and%20phylogenetic%20analysis&amp;journal=J%20World%20Poult%20Res&amp;doi=10.36380%2Fjwpr.2021.36&amp;volume=11&amp;issue=3&amp;pages=302-311&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Abodalal%2CSESA&amp;author=Hafez%2CMShA&amp;author=Abd%20El-Munem%20Shosha%2CE&amp;author=Warda%2CFF&amp;author=Hagag%2CNM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"56.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR56\">Fehr AR, Perlman S. Coronaviruses: an overview of their replication and pathogenesis. Methods Mol Biol. 2015;1282:1\u201323.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1007\/978-1-4939-2438-7_1\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1007\/978-1-4939-2438-7_1\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/doi\/10.1007\/978-1-4939-2438-7_1\" aria-label=\"Article reference 56\" data-doi=\"10.1007\/978-1-4939-2438-7_1\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC28Xls12ksL8%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 56\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=25720466\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 56\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC4369385\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 56\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 56\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Coronaviruses%3A%20an%20overview%20of%20their%20replication%20and%20pathogenesis&amp;journal=Methods%20Mol%20Biol&amp;doi=10.1007%2F978-1-4939-2438-7_1&amp;volume=1282&amp;pages=1-23&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Fehr%2CAR&amp;author=Perlman%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"57.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR57\">Bickerton E, Maier HJ, Stevenson-Leggett P, Armesto M, Britton P. The S2 subunit of infectious bronchitis virus Beaudette is a determinant of cellular tropism. J Virol. 2018;92(1\u201318):e01044-e1118.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=30021894\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 57\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6146808\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 57\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 57\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20S2%20subunit%20of%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20Beaudette%20is%20a%20determinant%20of%20cellular%20tropism&amp;journal=J%20Virol&amp;volume=92&amp;issue=1%E2%80%9318&amp;pages=e01044-e1118&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Bickerton%2CE&amp;author=Maier%2CHJ&amp;author=Stevenson-Leggett%2CP&amp;author=Armesto%2CM&amp;author=Britton%2CP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"58.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR58\">Webb I, Keep S, Littolff K, Stuart J, Freimanis G, Britton P, Davidson AD, Maier HJ, Bickerton E. The genetic stability, replication kinetics and cytopathogenicity of recombinant avian coronaviruses with a T16A or an A26F mutation within the E protein is cell-type dependent. Viruses. 2022;14:1784.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3390\/v14081784\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3390\/v14081784\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Fv14081784\" aria-label=\"Article reference 58\" data-doi=\"10.3390\/v14081784\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB38Xit1yqsLvO\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 58\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=36016406\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 58\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9415719\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 58\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 58\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20genetic%20stability%2C%20replication%20kinetics%20and%20cytopathogenicity%20of%20recombinant%20avian%20coronaviruses%20with%20a%20T16A%20or%20an%20A26F%20mutation%20within%20the%20E%20protein%20is%20cell-type%20dependent&amp;journal=Viruses&amp;doi=10.3390%2Fv14081784&amp;volume=14&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Webb%2CI&amp;author=Keep%2CS&amp;author=Littolff%2CK&amp;author=Stuart%2CJ&amp;author=Freimanis%2CG&amp;author=Britton%2CP&amp;author=Davidson%2CAD&amp;author=Maier%2CHJ&amp;author=Bickerton%2CE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"59.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR59\">Bhuiyan MSA, Sarker S, Amin Z, Rodrigues KF, Bakar AMSA, Saallah S, Shaarani S, Siddiquee S. Seroprevalence and molecular characterisation of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in broiler farms in Sabah Malaysia. Vet Med Sci. 2023;10(2):e1153.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1002\/vms3.1153\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1002\/vms3.1153\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002%2Fvms3.1153\" aria-label=\"Article reference 59\" data-doi=\"10.1002\/vms3.1153\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=38151844\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 59\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC10807952\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 59\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 59\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Seroprevalence%20and%20molecular%20characterisation%20of%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20%28IBV%29%20in%20broiler%20farms%20in%20Sabah%20Malaysia&amp;journal=Vet%20Med%20Sci&amp;doi=10.1002%2Fvms3.1153&amp;volume=10&amp;issue=2&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Bhuiyan%2CMSA&amp;author=Sarker%2CS&amp;author=Amin%2CZ&amp;author=Rodrigues%2CKF&amp;author=Bakar%2CAMSA&amp;author=Saallah%2CS&amp;author=Shaarani%2CS&amp;author=Siddiquee%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"60.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR60\">Abdelnasser S, Senosy W, Zanaty AM, Shosha E. Genetic evolution and phylogenetic analysis of Infectious Bronchitis Virus circulating in broiler flocks in New Valley Governorate Egypt. New Valley Vet J. 2024;4(1):202.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 60\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Genetic%20evolution%20and%20phylogenetic%20analysis%20of%20Infectious%20Bronchitis%20Virus%20circulating%20in%20broiler%20flocks%20in%20New%20Valley%20Governorate%20Egypt&amp;journal=New%20Valley%20Vet%20J&amp;volume=4&amp;issue=1&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Abdelnasser%2CS&amp;author=Senosy%2CW&amp;author=Zanaty%2CAM&amp;author=Shosha%2CE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"61.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR61\">Hammouda MM, Arafa AM, Madbouly HM. Molecular characterization and genotyping of recent isolate of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in Egypt. J Vet Med Res. 2019;26(1):115\u201324.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.21608\/jvmr.2019.43343\" data-track-item_id=\"10.21608\/jvmr.2019.43343\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608%2Fjvmr.2019.43343\" aria-label=\"Article reference 61\" data-doi=\"10.21608\/jvmr.2019.43343\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXhsFemsbbL\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 61\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 61\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Molecular%20characterization%20and%20genotyping%20of%20recent%20isolate%20of%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20%28IBV%29%20in%20Egypt&amp;journal=J%20Vet%20Med%20Res&amp;doi=10.21608%2Fjvmr.2019.43343&amp;volume=26&amp;issue=1&amp;pages=115-124&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Hammouda%2CMM&amp;author=Arafa%2CAM&amp;author=Madbouly%2CHM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"62.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR62\">Al-Jallad T, Kassouha M, Salhab M, Alomar A, Al-Masalma M, Abdelaziz F. Molecular characterization of isolated infectious bronchitis viruses from affected vaccinated broiler flocks in Syria. BMC Vet Res. 2020;16:1\u20138.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1186\/s12917-020-02672-1\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1186\/s12917-020-02672-1\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/doi\/10.1186\/s12917-020-02672-1\" aria-label=\"Article reference 62\" data-doi=\"10.1186\/s12917-020-02672-1\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 62\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Molecular%20characterization%20of%20isolated%20infectious%20bronchitis%20viruses%20from%20affected%20vaccinated%20broiler%20flocks%20in%20Syria&amp;journal=BMC%20Vet%20Res&amp;doi=10.1186%2Fs12917-020-02672-1&amp;volume=16&amp;pages=1-8&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Al-Jallad%2CT&amp;author=Kassouha%2CM&amp;author=Salhab%2CM&amp;author=Alomar%2CA&amp;author=Al-Masalma%2CM&amp;author=Abdelaziz%2CF\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"63.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR63\">Parvin MK, Sadekuzzaman M, Haque ME, Haque MA, Kamal MM, Hayat S, Rahman MT, Siddique MP, Nahar SS, Khasruzzaman AKM, Hossain MT, Islam MA. Characterization of predominant genotype (QX) of avian infectious bronchitis virus isolated from layer chickens in Bangladesh. Poult Sci. 2024;103(9): 103992.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.psj.2024.103992\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.psj.2024.103992\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.psj.2024.103992\" aria-label=\"Article reference 63\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.psj.2024.103992\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB2cXhsFeltrnF\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 63\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=38996739\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 63\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC11283218\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 63\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 63\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Characterization%20of%20predominant%20genotype%20%28QX%29%20of%20avian%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20isolated%20from%20layer%20chickens%20in%20Bangladesh&amp;journal=Poult%20Sci&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.psj.2024.103992&amp;volume=103&amp;issue=9&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Parvin%2CMK&amp;author=Sadekuzzaman%2CM&amp;author=Haque%2CME&amp;author=Haque%2CMA&amp;author=Kamal%2CMM&amp;author=Hayat%2CS&amp;author=Rahman%2CMT&amp;author=Siddique%2CMP&amp;author=Nahar%2CSS&amp;author=Khasruzzaman%2CAKM&amp;author=Hossain%2CMT&amp;author=Islam%2CMA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"64.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR64\">Awad EM, Arafa AS, El-Deeb AH, El-Sanousi AA. Molecular studies on infectious bronchitis virus isolated from broiler chickens in Damietta governorate. Zagazig Vet J. 2016;44:119\u201327.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.21608\/zvjz.2016.7854\" data-track-item_id=\"10.21608\/zvjz.2016.7854\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.21608%2Fzvjz.2016.7854\" aria-label=\"Article reference 64\" data-doi=\"10.21608\/zvjz.2016.7854\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 64\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Molecular%20studies%20on%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20isolated%20from%20broiler%20chickens%20in%20Damietta%20governorate&amp;journal=Zagazig%20Vet%20J&amp;doi=10.21608%2Fzvjz.2016.7854&amp;volume=44&amp;pages=119-127&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Awad%2CEM&amp;author=Arafa%2CAS&amp;author=El-Deeb%2CAH&amp;author=El-Sanousi%2CAA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"65.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR65\">Naguib MM, H\u00f6per D, Arafa AS, Setta AM, Abed M, Monne I, Beer M, Harder TC. Full genome sequence analysis of a newly emerged QX-like infectious bronchitis virus from Sudan reveals distinct spots of recombination. Infect Genet Evol. 2016;46:42\u20139.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.meegid.2016.10.017\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.meegid.2016.10.017\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.meegid.2016.10.017\" aria-label=\"Article reference 65\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.meegid.2016.10.017\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XhslOht7zM\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 65\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=27793730\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 65\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7195004\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 65\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 65\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Full%20genome%20sequence%20analysis%20of%20a%20newly%20emerged%20QX-like%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20from%20Sudan%20reveals%20distinct%20spots%20of%20recombination&amp;journal=Infect%20Genet%20Evol&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.meegid.2016.10.017&amp;volume=46&amp;pages=42-49&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Naguib%2CMM&amp;author=H%C3%B6per%2CD&amp;author=Arafa%2CAS&amp;author=Setta%2CAM&amp;author=Abed%2CM&amp;author=Monne%2CI&amp;author=Beer%2CM&amp;author=Harder%2CTC\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"66.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR66\">Huang M, Zou C, Liu Y, Han Z, Xue C, Cao Y. A novel low virulent respiratory infectious bronchitis virus originating from the recombination of QX, TW and 4\/91 genotype strains in China. Vet Microbiol. 2020;242: 108579.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108579\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108579\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.vetmic.2020.108579\" aria-label=\"Article reference 66\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2020.108579\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXhsleitb4%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 66\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=32122588\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 66\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7111478\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 66\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 66\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20novel%20low%20virulent%20respiratory%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20originating%20from%20the%20recombination%20of%20QX%2C%20TW%20and%204%2F91%20genotype%20strains%20in%20China&amp;journal=Vet%20Microbiol&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.vetmic.2020.108579&amp;volume=242&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Huang%2CM&amp;author=Zou%2CC&amp;author=Liu%2CY&amp;author=Han%2CZ&amp;author=Xue%2CC&amp;author=Cao%2CY\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"67.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR67\">Selim K, Arafa A, Hussein A, El-Sanousi A. Molecular characterization of infectious bronchitis viruses isolated from broiler and layer chicken farms in Egypt during 2012. Int J Vet Sci Med. 2013;1:102\u20138.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.ijvsm.2013.10.002\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.ijvsm.2013.10.002\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.ijvsm.2013.10.002\" aria-label=\"Article reference 67\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.ijvsm.2013.10.002\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=32289036\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 67\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 67\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Molecular%20characterization%20of%20infectious%20bronchitis%20viruses%20isolated%20from%20broiler%20and%20layer%20chicken%20farms%20in%20Egypt%20during%202012&amp;journal=Int%20J%20Vet%20Sci%20Med&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.ijvsm.2013.10.002&amp;volume=1&amp;pages=102-108&amp;publication_year=2013&amp;author=Selim%2CK&amp;author=Arafa%2CA&amp;author=Hussein%2CA&amp;author=El-Sanousi%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"68.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR68\">Lisowska A, Sajewicz-Krukowska J, Fusaro A, Pikula A, DomanskaBlicharz K. First characterization of a Middle-East GI-23 lineage (Var2-like) of infectious bronchitis virus in Europe. Virus Res. 2017;242:43\u20138.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.virusres.2017.09.010\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.virusres.2017.09.010\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.virusres.2017.09.010\" aria-label=\"Article reference 68\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.virusres.2017.09.010\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXhsFGhsbvO\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 68\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=28923510\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 68\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 68\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=First%20characterization%20of%20a%20Middle-East%20GI-23%20lineage%20%28Var2-like%29%20of%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20in%20Europe&amp;journal=Virus%20Res&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.virusres.2017.09.010&amp;volume=242&amp;pages=43-48&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Lisowska%2CA&amp;author=Sajewicz-Krukowska%2CJ&amp;author=Fusaro%2CA&amp;author=Pikula%2CA&amp;author=DomanskaBlicharz%2CK\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"69.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR69\">Fischer S, Klosterhalfen D, Wilms-Schulze KF, Casteel M. Research note: first evidence of infectious bronchitis virus Middle-East GI-23 lineage (Var2-like) in Germany. Poult Sci. 2019;99(2):797\u2013800.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.psj.2019.10.031\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.psj.2019.10.031\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.psj.2019.10.031\" aria-label=\"Article reference 69\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.psj.2019.10.031\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=32036979\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 69\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7111731\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 69\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 69\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Research%20note%3A%20first%20evidence%20of%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20Middle-East%20GI-23%20lineage%20%28Var2-like%29%20in%20Germany&amp;journal=Poult%20Sci&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.psj.2019.10.031&amp;volume=99&amp;issue=2&amp;pages=797-800&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Fischer%2CS&amp;author=Klosterhalfen%2CD&amp;author=Wilms-Schulze%2CKF&amp;author=Casteel%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"70.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR70\">Hong S, Kwon H, Choi K, Kim J. Comparative genomics of QX-like infectious bronchitis viruses in Korea. Adv Virol. 2017;162(5):1237\u201350.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXhsVeksLk%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 70\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 70\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Comparative%20genomics%20of%20QX-like%20infectious%20bronchitis%20viruses%20in%20Korea&amp;journal=Adv%20Virol&amp;volume=162&amp;issue=5&amp;pages=1237-1250&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Hong%2CS&amp;author=Kwon%2CH&amp;author=Choi%2CK&amp;author=Kim%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"71.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR71\">Franzo G, Tucciarone C, Blanco A, Nofrar\u00edas M, Biarn\u00e9s M, Cortey M. Effect of different vaccination strategies on IBV QX population dynamics and clinical outbreaks. Vaccine. 2016;34(46):5670\u20136.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.014\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.014\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.vaccine.2016.09.014\" aria-label=\"Article reference 71\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2016.09.014\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=27670071\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 71\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC7173296\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 71\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 71\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Effect%20of%20different%20vaccination%20strategies%20on%20IBV%20QX%20population%20dynamics%20and%20clinical%20outbreaks&amp;journal=Vaccine&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.vaccine.2016.09.014&amp;volume=34&amp;issue=46&amp;pages=5670-5676&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Franzo%2CG&amp;author=Tucciarone%2CC&amp;author=Blanco%2CA&amp;author=Nofrar%C3%ADas%2CM&amp;author=Biarn%C3%A9s%2CM&amp;author=Cortey%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"72.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR72\">Yan W, Yang Q, Huang S, Liu S, Wang K, Tang Y, Lei C, Wang H, Yang X. Insights on genetic characterization and pathogenesis of a GI-19 (QX-like) infectious bronchitis virus isolated in China. Poult Sci. 2023;102(7): 102719.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102719\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102719\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.psj.2023.102719\" aria-label=\"Article reference 72\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.psj.2023.102719\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3sXpsFGqsLs%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 72\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=37156078\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 72\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC10189386\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 72\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 72\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Insights%20on%20genetic%20characterization%20and%20pathogenesis%20of%20a%20GI-19%20%28QX-like%29%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20isolated%20in%20China&amp;journal=Poult%20Sci&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.psj.2023.102719&amp;volume=102&amp;issue=7&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Yan%2CW&amp;author=Yang%2CQ&amp;author=Huang%2CS&amp;author=Liu%2CS&amp;author=Wang%2CK&amp;author=Tang%2CY&amp;author=Lei%2CC&amp;author=Wang%2CH&amp;author=Yang%2CX\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"73.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR73\">Mase M, Hiramatsu K, Watanabe S, Iseki H. Genetic analysis of the complete S1 gene in Japanese infectious bronchitis virus strains. Viruses. 2022;14:716.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3390\/v14040716\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3390\/v14040716\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Fv14040716\" aria-label=\"Article reference 73\" data-doi=\"10.3390\/v14040716\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB38XhtFWrsb%2FE\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 73\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=35458447\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 73\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC9029843\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 73\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 73\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Genetic%20analysis%20of%20the%20complete%20S1%20gene%20in%20Japanese%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20strains&amp;journal=Viruses&amp;doi=10.3390%2Fv14040716&amp;volume=14&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Mase%2CM&amp;author=Hiramatsu%2CK&amp;author=Watanabe%2CS&amp;author=Iseki%2CH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"74.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR74\">Houta MH, Hassan KE, Legnardi M, Tucciarone CM, Abdel-Moneim AS, Cecchinato M, El-Sawah AA, Ali A, Franzo G. Phylodynamic and recombination analyses of avian infectious bronchitis GI-23 reveal a widespread recombinant cluster and new among-countries linkages. Animals. 2021;11(11):3182.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3390\/ani11113182\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3390\/ani11113182\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Fani11113182\" aria-label=\"Article reference 74\" data-doi=\"10.3390\/ani11113182\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=34827914\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 74\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC8614413\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 74\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 74\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Phylodynamic%20and%20recombination%20analyses%20of%20avian%20infectious%20bronchitis%20GI-23%20reveal%20a%20widespread%20recombinant%20cluster%20and%20new%20among-countries%20linkages&amp;journal=Animals&amp;doi=10.3390%2Fani11113182&amp;volume=11&amp;issue=11&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Houta%2CMH&amp;author=Hassan%2CKE&amp;author=Legnardi%2CM&amp;author=Tucciarone%2CCM&amp;author=Abdel-Moneim%2CAS&amp;author=Cecchinato%2CM&amp;author=El-Sawah%2CAA&amp;author=Ali%2CA&amp;author=Franzo%2CG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"75.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR75\">Farooq M, Ali A, Hassan MSH, Abdul-Careem MF. Nucleotide and amino acid analyses of unique infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) variants from Canadian poultry flocks with drop in egg production. Genes. 2024;15(11):1480.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3390\/genes15111480\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3390\/genes15111480\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Fgenes15111480\" aria-label=\"Article reference 75\" data-doi=\"10.3390\/genes15111480\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB2cXis1CmsL7L\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 75\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=39596680\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 75\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC11593648\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 75\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 75\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Nucleotide%20and%20amino%20acid%20analyses%20of%20unique%20infectious%20bronchitis%20virus%20%28IBV%29%20variants%20from%20Canadian%20poultry%20flocks%20with%20drop%20in%20egg%20production&amp;journal=Genes&amp;doi=10.3390%2Fgenes15111480&amp;volume=15&amp;issue=11&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Farooq%2CM&amp;author=Ali%2CA&amp;author=Hassan%2CMSH&amp;author=Abdul-Careem%2CMF\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"c-article-references__item js-c-reading-companion-references-item\" data-counter=\"76.\">\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR76\">Bouwman KM, Parsons LM, Berends AJ, de Vries RP, Cipollo JF, Verheije MH. Three amino acid changes in avian coronavirus spike protein allow binding to kidney tissue. J Virol. 2020;94:e01363-e1419.<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1128\/JVI.01363-19\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1128\/JVI.01363-19\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1128%2FJVI.01363-19\" aria-label=\"Article reference 76\" data-doi=\"10.1128\/JVI.01363-19\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/virologyj.biomedcentral.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXjslCjsLY%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 76\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/entrez\/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&amp;db=PubMed&amp;dopt=Abstract&amp;list_uids=31694947\" aria-label=\"PubMed reference 76\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"pubmed central reference\" data-track-action=\"pubmed central reference\" href=\"http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/pmc\/articles\/PMC6955270\" aria-label=\"PubMed Central reference 76\" target=\"_blank\">PubMed Central<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 76\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Three%20amino%20acid%20changes%20in%20avian%20coronavirus%20spike%20protein%20allow%20binding%20to%20kidney%20tissue&amp;journal=J%20Virol&amp;doi=10.1128%2FJVI.01363-19&amp;volume=94&amp;pages=e01363-e1419&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Bouwman%2CKM&amp;author=Parsons%2CLM&amp;author=Berends%2CAJ&amp;author=Vries%2CRP&amp;author=Cipollo%2CJF&amp;author=Verheije%2CMH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<\/li>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Zhang X, Guo M, Zhao J, Wu Y. Avian infectious bronchitis in China: epidemiology, vaccination, and control. Avian&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":83637,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[3846],"tags":[33972,267,40367,40365,40368,70,21913,40366,16,15,5531,40369],"class_list":{"0":"post-83636","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-genetics","8":"tag-broilers","9":"tag-genetics","10":"tag-layers","11":"tag-n-infectious-bronchitis-virusn","12":"tag-qx-strain","13":"tag-science","14":"tag-sequencing","15":"tag-spike-gene","16":"tag-uk","17":"tag-united-kingdom","18":"tag-variants","19":"tag-virology"},"share_on_mastodon":{"url":"https:\/\/pubeurope.com\/@uk\/114470262090482555","error":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83636","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=83636"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/83636\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/83637"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=83636"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=83636"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.europesays.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=83636"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}