• Martin, I. & Morpurgo, A. F. Majorana fermions in superconducting helical magnets. Phys. Rev. B 85, 144505 (2012).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Nadj-Perge, S., Drozdov, I. K., Bernevig, B. A. & Yazdani, A. Proposal for realizing Majorana fermions in chains of magnetic atoms on a superconductor. Phys. Rev. B 88, 020407 (2013).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Braunecker, B. & Simon, P. Interplay between classical magnetic moments and superconductivity in quantum one-dimensional conductors: toward a self-sustained topological Majorana phase. Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 147202 (2013).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Pientka, F., Glazman, L. I. & von Oppen, F. Topological superconducting phase in helical Shiba chains. Phys. Rev. B 88, 155420 (2013).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Klinovaja, J., Stano, P., Yazdani, A. & Loss, D. Topological superconductivity and Majorana fermions in RKKY systems. Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 186805 (2013).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Kim, Y., Cheng, M., Bauer, B., Lutchyn, R. M. & Das Sarma, S. Helical order in one-dimensional magnetic atom chains and possible emergence of Majorana bound states. Phys. Rev. B 90, 060401(R) (2014).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Lo Conte, R., Wiebe, J., Rachel, S., Morr, D. K. & Wiesendanger, R. Magnet-superconductor hybrid quantum systems: a materials platform for topological superconductivity. Riv. Nuovo Cimento 47, 453–545 (2024).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Feldman, B. E. et al. High-resolution studies of the Majorana atomic chain platform. Nat. Phys. 13, 286–291 (2017).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Nadj-Perge, S. et al. Observation of Majorana fermions in ferromagnetic atomic chains on a superconductor. Science 346, 602–607 (2014).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Jeon, S. et al. Distinguishing a Majorana zero mode using spin-resolved measurements. Science 358, 772–776 (2017).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Ahn, S., Pan, H., Woods, B., Stanescu, T. D. & Das Sarma, S. Estimating disorder and its adverse effects in semiconductor Majorana nanowires. Phys. Rev. Mater. 5, 124602 (2021).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Woods, B. D., Das Sarma, S. & Stanescu, T. D. Charge-impurity effects in hybrid Majorana nanowires. Phys. Rev. Appl. 16, 054053 (2021).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Kim, H. et al. Toward tailoring Majorana bound states in artificially constructed magnetic atom chains on elemental superconductors. Sci. Adv. 4, eaar5251 (2018).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Rachel, S. & Wiesendanger, R. Majorana quasiparticles in atomic spin chains on superconductors. Phys. Rep. 1099, 1–28 (2025).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Küster, F. et al. Non-Majorana modes in diluted spin chains proximitized to a superconductor. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 119, e2210589119 (2022).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Liebhaber, E. et al. Quantum spins and hybridization in artificially-constructed chains of magnetic adatoms on a superconductor. Nat. Commun. 13, 2160 (2022).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Mier, C. et al. Atomic manipulation of in-gap states in the β-Bi2Pd superconductor. Phys. Rev. B 104, 045406 (2021).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Schneider, L. et al. Topological Shiba bands in artificial spin chains on superconductors. Nat. Phys. 17, 943–948 (2021).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Schneider, L. et al. Precursors of Majorana modes and their length-dependent energy oscillations probed at both ends of atomic Shiba chains. Nat. Nanotechnol. 17, 384–389 (2022).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Das Sarma, S., Sau, J. D. & Stanescu, T. D. Splitting of the zero-bias conductance peak as smoking gun evidence for the existence of the Majorana mode in a superconductor-semiconductor nanowire. Phys. Rev. B 86, 220506 (2012).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Stanescu, T. D., Lutchyn, R. M. & Das Sarma, S. Dimensional crossover in spin-orbit-coupled semiconductor nanowires with induced superconducting pairing. Phys. Rev. B 87, 094518 (2013).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Ast, C. R. et al. Giant spin splitting through surface alloying. Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 186807 (2007).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Bihlmayer, G., Blügel, S. & Chulkov, E. V. Enhanced Rashba spin-orbit splitting in Bi/Ag(111) and Pb/Ag(111) surface alloys from first principles. Phys. Rev. B 75, 195414 (2007).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • El-Kareh, L., Sessi, P., Bathon, T. & Bode, M. Quantum interference mapping of Rashba-split Bloch states in Bi/Ag(111). Phys. Rev. Lett. 110, 176803 (2013).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Awoga, O. A., Björnson, K. & Black-Schaffer, A. M. Disorder robustness and protection of Majorana bound states in ferromagnetic chains on conventional superconductors. Phys. Rev. B 95, 184511 (2017).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Peeters, C., Hodge, T., Mascot, E. & Rachel, S. Effect of impurities and disorder on the braiding dynamics of Majorana zero modes. Phys. Rev. B 110, 214506 (2024).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Schneider, L. et al. Proximity superconductivity in atom-by-atom crafted quantum dots. Nature 621, 60–65 (2023).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Schneider, L. et al. Scanning tunneling spectroscopy study of proximity superconductivity in finite-size quantized surface states. Phys. Rev. B 110, L100505 (2024).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Peng, Y., Pientka, F., Glazman, L. I. & von Oppen, F. Strong localization of Majorana end states in chains of magnetic adatoms. Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 106801 (2015).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Tomanic, T. et al. Local-strain mapping on Ag(111) islands on Nb(110). Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 063111 (2012).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Schirone, S. et al. Spin-flip and element-sensitive electron scattering in the BiAg2 surface alloy. Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 166801 (2015).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Ryu, S., Schnyder, A. P., Furusaki, A. & Ludwig, A. W. W. Topological insulators and superconductors: tenfold way and dimensional hierarchy. New J. Phys. 12, 065010 (2010).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Kitaev, A. Periodic table for topological insulators and superconductors. AIP Conf. Proc. 1134, 22–30 (2009).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Kitaev, A. Y. Fault-tolerant quantum computation by anyons. Ann. Phys. 303, 2–30 (2003).

    Article 
    ADS 
    MathSciNet 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Nayak, C., Simon, S. H., Stern, A., Freedman, M. & Das Sarma, S. Non-Abelian anyons and topological quantum computation. Rev. Mod. Phys. 80, 1083–1159 (2008).

    Article 
    ADS 
    MathSciNet 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Alicea, J., Oreg, Y., Refael, G., von Oppen, F. & Fisher, M. P. A. Non-Abelian statistics and topological quantum information processing in 1D wire networks. Nat. Phys. 7, 412–417 (2011).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Schneider, L., Beck, P., Wiebe, J. & Wiesendanger, R. Atomic-scale spin-polarization maps using functionalized superconducting probes. Sci. Adv. 7, eabd7302 (2021).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Löptien, P., Zhou, L., Khajetoorians, A. A., Wiebe, J. & Wiesendanger, R. Superconductivity of lanthanum revisited: enhanced critical temperature in the clean limit. J. Phys. Condens. Matter 26, 425703 (2014).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Wiebe, J. et al. A 300 mK ultra-high vacuum scanning tunneling microscope for spin-resolved spectroscopy at high energy resolution. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 75, 4871–4879 (2004).

    Article 
    ADS 

    Google Scholar