• Zeller, R. C. & Pohl, R. O. Thermal conductivity and specific heat of noncrystalline solids. Phys. Rev. B 4, 2029–2041 (1971).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Alexander, S. Amorphous solids: their structure, lattice dynamics and elasticity. Phys. Rep. 296, 65–236 (1998).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Anderson, P. W. Through the glass lightly. Science 267, 1615–1616 (1995).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Ramos, M. A. Low-Temperature Thermal and Vibrational Properties of Disordered Solids: A Half-Century of Universal ‘Anomalies’ of Glasses (World Scientific, 2022).

  • Phillips, W. A. & Anderson, A. C. Amorphous Solids: Low-Temperature Properties (Springer, 1981).

  • Yu, C. C. & Carruzzo, H. M. in Low-Temperature Thermal and Vibrational Properties of Disordered Solids: A Half-Century of Universal ‘Anomalies’ of Glasses 113–139 (World Scientific, 2023).

  • Elliott, S. R. A unified model for the low-energy vibrational behaviour of amorphous solids. Europhys. Lett. 19, 201–206 (1992).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Leonforte, F., Tanguy, A., Wittmer, J. P. & Barrat, J. L. Inhomogeneous elastic response of silica glass. Phys. Rev. Lett. 97, 055501 (2006).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Schirmacher, W. Thermal conductivity of glassy materials and the ‘boson peak’. Europhys. Lett. 73, 892–898 (2006).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Schirmacher, W., Ruocco, G. & Scopigno, T. Acoustic attenuation in glasses and its relation with the boson peak. Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 025501 (2007).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Marruzzo, A., Schirmacher, W., Fratalocchi, A. & Ruocco, G. Heterogeneous shear elasticity of glasses: the origin of the boson peak. Sci. Rep. 3, 1407 (2013).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Schirmacher, W., Scopigno, T. & Ruocco, G. Theory of vibrational anomalies in glasses. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 407, 133–140 (2015).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Schirmacher, W. et al. The nature of non-phononic excitations in disordered systems. Nat. Commun. 15, 3107 (2024).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Lerner, E. & Bouchbinder, E. Boson-peak vibrational modes in glasses feature hybridized phononic and quasilocalized excitations. J. Chem. Phys. 158, 194503 (2023).

  • Moriel, A., Lerner, E. & Bouchbinder, E. Boson peak in the vibrational spectra of glasses. Phys. Rev. Res. 6, 023053 (2024).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Mahajan, S. & Ciamarra, M. P. Unifying description of the vibrational anomalies of amorphous materials. Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 215504 (2021).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Mahajan, S., Seow Yang Han, D., Jiang, C., Baggioli, M. & Ciamarra, M. P. Geometrical and vibrational properties of the defects driving the boson peak. Phys. Rev. E 112, 035413 (2025).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Galperin, Y. M., Karpov, V. G. & Kozub, V. I. Localized states in glasses. Adv. Phys. 38, 669–737 (1989).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Buchenau, U., Galperin, Y. M., Gurevich, V. L. & Schober, H. R. Anharmonic potentials and vibrational localization in glasses. Phys. Rev. B 43, 5039–5045 (1991).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Buchenau, U. et al. Interaction of soft modes and sound waves in glasses. Phys. Rev. B 46, 2798 (1992).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Klinger, M. I. & Kosevich, A. M. Soft-mode dynamics model of boson peak and high frequency sound in glasses: ‘inelastic’ Ioffe-Regel crossover and strong hybridization of excitations. Phys. Lett. A 295, 311–317 (2002).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Gurevich, V. L., Parshin, D. A. & Schober, H. R. Anharmonicity, vibrational instability, and the boson peak in glasses. Phys. Rev. B 67, 094203 (2003).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Parshin, D. A., Schober, H. R. & Gurevich, V. L. Vibrational instability, two-level systems, and the boson peak in glasses. Phys. Rev. B 76, 064206 (2007).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Schober, H. R. Quasi-localized vibrations and phonon damping in glasses. J. Non-Cryst. Solids 357, 501–505 (2011).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Pazmiño Betancourt, B. A., Starr, F. W. & Douglas, J. F. String-like collective motion in the α- and β-relaxation of a coarse-grained polymer melt. J. Chem. Phys. 148, 104508 (2018).

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Lund, F. Normal modes and acoustic properties of an elastic solid with line defects. Phys. Rev. B 91, 094102 (2015).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Bianchi, E., Giordano, V. M. & Lund, F. Elastic anomalies in glasses: elastic string theory understanding of the cases of glycerol and silica. Phys. Rev. B 101, 174311 (2020).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Zhang, H., Wang, X., Yu, H.-B. & Douglas, J. F. Fast dynamics in a model metallic glass-forming material. J. Chem. Phys. 154, 084505 (2021).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Hu, Y.-C. & Tanaka, H. Origin of the boson peak in amorphous solids. Nat. Phys. 18, 669–677 (2022).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Hu, Y.-C. & Tanaka, H. Universality of stringlet excitations as the origin of the boson peak of glasses with isotropic interactions. Phys. Rev. Res. 5, 023055 (2023).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Jiang, C., Baggioli, M. & Douglas, J. F. Stringlet excitation model of the boson peak. J. Chem. Phys. 160, 214505 (2024).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Jiang, C. & Baggioli, M. Phonons in stringlet-land and the boson peak. J. Phys. Condens. Matter 36, 505101 (2024).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Liu, A. J. & Nagel, S. R. The jamming transition and the marginally jammed solid. Annu. Rev. Condens. Matter Phys. 1, 347–369 (2010).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • DeGiuli, E., Laversanne-Finot, A., Düring, G., Lerner, E. & Wyart, M. Effects of coordination and pressure on sound attenuation, boson peak and elasticity in amorphous solids. Soft Matter 10, 5628–5644 (2014).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Mizuno, H., Shiba, H. & Ikeda, A. Continuum limit of the vibrational properties of amorphous solids. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 114, E9767–E9774 (2017).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Götze, W. & Mayr, M. R. Evolution of vibrational excitations in glassy systems. Phys. Rev. E 61, 587 (2000).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Grigera, T. S., Martín-Mayor, V., Parisi, G. & Verrocchio, P. Phonon interpretation of the ‘boson peak’ in supercooled liquids. Nature 422, 289–292 (2003).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Baggioli, M. & Zaccone, A. Universal origin of boson peak vibrational anomalies in ordered crystals and in amorphous materials. Phys. Rev. Lett. 122, 145501 (2019).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Taraskin, S. N., Loh, Y. L., Natarajan, G. & Elliott, S. R. Origin of the boson peak in systems with lattice disorder. Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 1255–1258 (2001).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Chumakov, A. I. et al. Equivalence of the boson peak in glasses to the transverse acoustic Van Hove singularity in crystals. Phys. Rev. Lett. 106, 225501 (2011).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Wang, Y., Qian, Z., Tong, H. & Tanaka, H. Hyperuniform disordered solids with crystal-like stability. Nat. Commun. 16, 1398 (2025).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Torquato, S. Hyperuniform states of matter. Phys. Rep. 745, 1–95 (2018).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Lerner, E. & Bouchbinder, E. Frustration-induced internal stresses are responsible for quasilocalized modes in structural glasses. Phys. Rev. E 97, 032140 (2018).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Gelin, S., Tanaka, H. & Lemaître, A. Anomalous phonon scattering and elastic correlations in amorphous solids. Nat. Mater. 15, 1177–1181 (2016).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Shintani, H. & Tanaka, H. Universal link between the boson peak and transverse phonons in glass. Nat. Mater. 7, 870–877 (2008).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Nakayama, T. Boson peak and terahertz frequency dynamics of vitreous silica. Rep. Prog. Phys. 65, 1195 (2002).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Baldi, G. et al. Thermal conductivity and terahertz vibrational dynamics of vitreous silica. Phys. Rev. B 77, 214309 (2008).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Baldi, G., Giordano, V. M., Ruta, B. & Monaco, G. On the nontrivial wave-vector dependence of the elastic modulus of glasses. Phys. Rev. B 93, 144204 (2016).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Monaco, G. & Mossa, S. Anomalous properties of the acoustic excitations in glasses on the mesoscopic length scale. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 106, 16907–16912 (2009).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Ruocco, G. et al. Relaxation processes in harmonic glasses? Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 5788 (2000).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Szamel, G. & Flenner, E. Microscopic analysis of sound attenuation in low-temperature amorphous solids reveals quantitative importance of non-affine effects. J. Chem. Phys. 156, 144502 (2022).

  • Booij, H. C. & Thoone, G. P. J. M. Generalization of Kramers–Kronig transforms and some approximations of relations between viscoelastic quantities. Rheol. Acta 21, 15–24 (1982).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Lerner, E. & Bouchbinder, E. Low-energy quasilocalized excitations in structural glasses. J. Chem. Phys. 155, 200901 (2021).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Douglas, J. F., Yuan, Q.-L., Zhang, J., Zhang, H. & Xu, W.-S. A dynamical system approach to relaxation in glass-forming liquids. Soft Matter 20, 9140–9160 (2024).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Lerner, E., Düring, G. & Bouchbinder, E. Statistics and properties of low-frequency vibrational modes in structural glasses. Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 035501 (2016).

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Richard, D., Kapteijns, G. & Lerner, E. Detecting low-energy quasilocalized excitations in computer glasses. Phys. Rev. E 108, 044124 (2023).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Dean, P. in Localized Excitations in Solids 109–116 (Springer, 1968).

  • Kapteijns, G., Bouchbinder, E. & Lerner, E. Universal nonphononic density of states in 2D, 3D, and 4D glasses. Phys. Rev. Lett. 121, 055501 (2018).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Beltukov, Y. M., Fusco, C., Tanguy, A. & Parshin, D. A. Transverse and longitudinal vibrations in amorphous silicon. J. Phys. Conf. Ser. 661, 012056 (2015).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Mizuno, H., Saitoh, K. & Silbert, L. E. Elastic moduli and vibrational modes in jammed particulate packings. Phys. Rev. E 93, 062905 (2016).

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Caroli, C. & Lemaître, A. Fluctuating elasticity fails to capture anomalous sound scattering in amorphous solids. Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 055501 (2019).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Baggioli, M. & Zaccone, A. Theory of sound attenuation in amorphous solids from nonaffine motions. J. Phys. Condens. Matter 34, 215401 (2022).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Monaco, G. & Giordano, V. M. Breakdown of the Debye approximation for the acoustic modes with nanometric wavelengths in glasses. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 106, 3659–3663 (2009).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Tanguy, A., Wittmer, J. P., Leonforte, F. & Barrat, J. L. Continuum limit of amorphous elastic bodies: a finite-size study of low-frequency harmonic vibrations. Phys. Rev. B 66, 174205 (2002).

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Ding, G. et al. Unified theory of phonon in solids with phase diagram of non-Debye anomalies. Nat. Phys. 21, 1911–1919 (2025).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Etrillard, J., Lasjaunias, J. C., Biljakovic, K., Toudic, B. & Coddens, G. Excess low temperature specific heat and related phonon density of states in a modulated incommensurate dielectric. Phys. Rev. Lett. 76, 2334–2337 (1996).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Cano, A. & Levanyuk, A. P. Explanation of the glasslike anomaly in the low-temperature specific heat of incommensurate phases. Phys. Rev. Lett. 93, 245902 (2004).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Reményi, G. et al. Incommensurate systems as model compounds for disorder revealing low-temperature glasslike behavior. Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 195502 (2015).

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Jiang, C., Zaccone, A., Setty, C. & Baggioli, M. Glassy heat capacity from overdamped phasons and hypothetical phason-induced superconductivity in incommensurate structures. Phys. Rev. B 108, 054203 (2023).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Zhang, H., Wang, X., Chremos, A. & Douglas, J. F. Superionic UO2: a model anharmonic crystalline material. J. Chem. Phys. 150, 174506 (2019).

  • Zhang, J., Zhang, H. & Douglas, J. F. A closer examination of the nature of atomic motion in the interfacial region of crystals upon approaching melting. J. Chem. Phys. 160, 114506 (2024).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Zhang, J., Douglas, J. F. & Zhang, H. String-like collective motion mediates the martensitic α–β transition in titanium. J. Chem. Phys. 163, 044504 (2025).

  • Meyer, A. et al. Harmonic behavior of metallic glasses up to the metastable melt. Phys. Rev. B 53, 12107 (1996).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Bruna, P. et al. Communication: are metallic glasses different from other glasses? A closer look at their high frequency dynamics. J. Chem. Phys. 135, 101101 (2011).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Ghosh, A. et al. Density of states of colloidal glasses and supercooled liquids. Soft Matter 6, 3082–3090 (2010).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Tan, P., Xu, N., Schofield, A. B. & Xu, L. Understanding the low-frequency quasilocalized modes in disordered colloidal systems. Phys. Rev. Lett. 108, 095501 (2012).

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Zhang, L. et al. Experimental studies of vibrational modes in a two-dimensional amorphous solid. Nat. Commun. 8, 67 (2017).

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Wang, Y., Hong, L., Wang, Y., Schirmacher, W. & Zhang, J. Disentangling boson peaks and Van Hove singularities in a model glass. Phys. Rev. B 98, 174207 (2018).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Plimpton, S. Fast parallel algorithms for short-range molecular dynamics. J. Comput. Phys. 117, 1–19 (1995).

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Wang, L. et al. Low-frequency vibrational modes of stable glasses. Nat. Commun. 10, 26 (2019).

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Omar, M. A. Elementary Solid State Physics: Principles and Applications (Pearson Education India, 1999).